Publications by authors named "Ronald Opito"

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among infectious agents globally. An estimated 10 million people are newly diagnosed and 1.5 million die of the disease annually.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death among people living with HIV (PLHIV). To prevent TB among PLHIV, the Ugandan national guidelines recommend Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) across differentiated service delivery (DSD) models, an effective way of delivering ART. DSD models include Community Drug Distribution Point (CDDP), Community Client-led ART Delivery (CCLAD), Facility-Based Individual Management (FBIM), Facility-Based Group (FBG), and Fast Track Drug Refill (FTDR).

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Background: Majority of patients with cervical cancer in the low- and middle-income countries experience long diagnostic and pre-treatment intervals. This study sought to determine the factors associated with the diagnostic and pre-treatment intervals among patients with cervical cancer.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) during October 2019 to January 2020.

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Background: Most data describing severe malaria (SM) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are from research settings outside disease endemic areas. Using routinely collected data from Apac District Hospital, this study aimed at determining the burden and clinical spectrum of severe malaria.

Methods: This was a retrospective study that reviewed all paediatric admission records for malaria in the 24 months period from Jan 2019 to Dec 2020 at Apac District Hospital.

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Article Synopsis
  • The majority of breast cancer patients in Uganda are diagnosed at advanced stages, with significant delays in both diagnostic and pre-treatment intervals.
  • The study analyzed data from 401 participants, finding that the median diagnostic interval was 5.6 months, while the median pre-treatment interval was 1.7 months.
  • Factors like education level and proximity to the Uganda Cancer Institute positively influenced early diagnosis and prompt treatment initiation.
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Background: Retention along the elimination of Mother to Child Transmission (eMTCT) cascade in Uganda remains poor as only 62.7%-69.5% are followed up to 18months.

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Background: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men globally, with over 1.2 million cases reported in 2018. About 90% of men with prostate cancer are diagnosed when the disease is in an advanced stage.

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Introduction: Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is effective in treating tuberculosis (TB) infection and hence limiting progression to active disease. However, the durability of protection, associated factors and cost-effectiveness of IPT remain uncertain in low-and-middle income countries, Uganda inclusive. The Uganda Ministry of health recommends a single standard-dose IPT course for eligible people living with HIV (PLHIV).

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Introduction: In Uganda, the proportion of women having another live birth before age 20 years (repeat adolescent birth) has not declined in 30 years. More women want to delay the next birth. We determined the prevalence and factors associated with postpartum contraceptive use among teenage mothers in Mbale City.

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Background: Uganda has been making progress towards universal HIV test and treat since 2013 and the 2016 test and treat policy was expanded from the 2013 guidelines. The expanded policy was rolled out in 2017 across the country. The treatment outcomes of this new policy have not yet been assessed at program level.

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