A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in children.

Background: Several individual studies from specific countries have reported rising numbers of pediatric COVID-19 cases with inconsistent reports on the clinical symptoms including respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms as well as diverse reports on the mean age and household exposure in children. The epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in children are not fully understood, hence, comprehensive meta-analyses are needed to provide a better understanding of these characteristics.

Methods: This review was conducted in Medline, Scopus, Cochrane library, Embase, Web of Science, and published reports on COVID-19 in children.

Incidence of type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents during peace and war times in Yemen.

Aim: To calculate a 30-year incidence rates of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Sana'a city, Yemen during peace and wartimes.

Methods: A total of 461 patients aged between 8 months and 18 years with newly diagnosed diabetes were registered between 1989 and 2018. We used a standardized protocol for counting cases over time.

Publication Productivity in Central Asia and Countries of the Former Soviet Union.

Introduction: Despite the significant number of research institutions and rich scientific heritage, published research from Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan) is traditionally underrepresented in international scientific literature. The goal of this paper was to analyze publication patterns in Central Asian countries, and to explore the factors that contributed to the publication productivity in Kazakhstan.

Methods: Publication productivity was evaluated using data generated by the SCImago Journal & Country Rank over the period of 1996-2014 for all of the 15 former Soviet Union Republics for all subject categories.

USA endometrial cancer projections to 2030: should we be concerned?

Aim: As the incidence of endometrial cancer (EC) increased considerably since 2007, this study aimed to project the burden of EC to the year 2030.

Methods: Multivariate linear regression was used to project EC incidence by modeling trends in EC incidence from 1990 to 2013, while accounting for temporal changes in obesity, hysterectomy and smoking.

Results: The best-fitting model predicting EC rates included a time effect plus effects for hysterectomy (12-year lag), severe obesity (3-year lag) and smoking (9-year lag).

Physical training risk factors for musculoskeletal injury in female soldiers.

Musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) result in the most medical encounters, lost duty days, and permanent disability. Women are at greater risk of injury than men and physical training is the leading cause of injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the demographic, body composition, fitness, and physical training risk factors for injuries in female Soldiers serving in garrison Army units over the past 12 months.

Glucose control in Rwandan youth with type 1 diabetes following establishment of systematic, HbA1c based, care and education.

Aims: To assess change in glycemic control concurrent with increased clinic visits, HbA1c testing, and education. Rates of complications were also examined.

Methods: A 1-2 year follow-up of 214 members of the Rwanda Life for a Child program (aged <26 years) with a first HbA1c between June 2009 and November 2010 was conducted.

All-cause mortality in a population-based type 1 diabetes cohort in the U.S. Virgin Islands.

Objective: Type 1 diabetes remains a significant source of premature mortality; however, its burden has not been assessed in the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI).

Building research capacity in developing countries: cost-effectiveness of an epidemiology course taught by traditional and video-teleconferencing methods in Pakistan.

Background: Building research capacity in developing countries using cost-effective methods has been recognized as an important pillar for the production of a sound evidence base for decision-making in policy and practice. We assessed the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a research training course conducted using traditional methods as well as the video-teleconferencing (VTC) method in Pakistan.

Subjects And Methods: A 9-day epidemiology research training course was offered to physicians in Pakistan (92%) and Bangladesh (8%).

Incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in youth in the U.S. Virgin Islands, 2001-2010.

Objective: To report the annual incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among youth and to describe characteristics of youth diagnosed with diabetes in the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI).

New directions in building a scientific social network: Experiences in the Supercourse project and application to Central Asia.

Introduction: Networking leaders in the field of public health and medicine is very important for improving health locally and globally, especially in times of disaster.

Methods: Fishing can best be defined as using an internet search engine to find the name and email address of the person or organization that is being sought.

Results: With over 500 hours of work, the group compiled a list of nearly 2,000 email addresses of Ministers of Health, deans of the 1,800 medical schools and schools of public health, and heads of medical and public health societies.

Nurse educators establishing new venues in global nursing education.

Nurses represent the largest number of health care workers worldwide, but they are currently underutilized for global health practices. This may be due to the fact that global health programs are not incorporated in nursing education in many countries. The World Health organization (WHO) recognized the importance of building capacity and having well-prepared nurses who are able to exchange knowledge and expertise worldwide, but did not offer practical solutions.

Cancer and chronic diseases in minority populations: the need for more educational materials in Spanish for healthcare providers.

This short communication piece provides an overview of the Latin American Supercourse, a collection of public health lectures in Spanish targeting educators in Mexico, US, and Spanish speaking countries.

Global Networking of Cancer and NCD professionals using internet technologies: the Supercourse and mHealth applications.

Cancer is a leading cause of death around the world. Education is at the core of cancer prevention activities, especially programs targeting empowering existing public health workforce. In the past 10 years, researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have been building the Global Health Network Supercourse project, a library of over 4500 online lectures and a network of nearly 50000 public health professionals in 174 countries.

All-cause mortality trends in a large population-based cohort with long-standing childhood-onset type 1 diabetes: the Allegheny County type 1 diabetes registry.

Objective: Although management of type 1 diabetes improved dramatically in the 1980s, the effect on mortality is not clear.

Research Design And Methods: We report trends in 30-year mortality using the Allegheny County (Pennsylvania) childhood-onset (age <18 years) type 1 diabetes registry (n = 1,075) with diagnosis from 1965-1979, by dividing the cohort into three diagnosis year cohorts (1965-1969, 1970-1974, and 1975-1979). Local (Allegheny County) mortality data were used to calculate standardized mortality ratios (SMRs).

Chinese disasters and just-in-time education.

Just-in-time ( JIT) Educational Strategy has been applied successfully to share scientific knowledge about disasters in several countries. This strategy was introduced to China in 2008 with the hopes to quickly disseminate accurate scientific data to the population, and it was applied during the Sichuan Earthquake and Influenza A (H1N1) outbreak. Implementation of this strategy likely educated between 10,000 and 20,000,000 people.

Cause-specific mortality trends in a large population-based cohort with long-standing childhood-onset type 1 diabetes.

Objective: Little is known concerning the primary cause(s) of mortality in type 1 diabetes responsible for the excess mortality seen in this population.

Research Design And Methods: The Allegheny County (Pennsylvania) childhood-onset (age < 18 years) type 1 diabetes registry (n = 1,075) with diagnosis from 1965 to 1979 was used to explore patterns in cause-specific mortality. Cause of death was determined by a mortality classification committee of at least three physician epidemiologists, based on the death certificate and additional records surrounding the death.