Expression of HLA class I antigen, aspirin use, and survival after a diagnosis of colon cancer.

Importance: Use of aspirin (which inhibits platelet function) after a colon cancer diagnosis is associated with improved overall survival. Identifying predictive biomarkers of this effect could individualize therapy and decrease toxic effects.

Objective: To demonstrate that survival benefit associated with low-dose aspirin use after a diagnosis of colorectal cancer might depend on HLA class I antigen expression.

Nuclear localization of CXCR4 determines prognosis for colorectal cancer patients.

Chemokines and their receptors are implicated in formation of colorectal cancer metastases. Especially CXCR4 is an important factor, determining migration, invasiveness, metastasis and proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. Object of this study was to determine expression of CXCR4 in tumor tissue of colorectal cancer patients and associate CXCR4 expression levels to clinicopathological parameters.

Four-color staining combining fluorescence and brightfield microscopy for simultaneous immune cell phenotyping and localization in tumor tissue sections.

Immune-cell infiltration is frequently seen within human solid tumors. A detailed phenotypic analysis of these cells may aid in the understanding of an antitumor immune response. Standard hematoxylin/eosin and conventional immunohistochemical stainings are helpful, but have major limitations in the number of markers that can be identified and localized per tissue section.