Two new species of (Agaricales, Omphalotaceae) from Eastern North America.

Two small gymnopoid fungi from the southern Appalachian Mountains and Massachusetts, and , are identified and described. A new generic nrITS-LSU phylogeny of places and in a small clade together with , and an unknown taxon from Arkansas. This clade adds to the growing circumscription of (= ).

Jakob Emanuel Lange: The man and his mushrooms.

Jakob Emanuel Lange (1864-1941), Danish mushroom taxonomist and illustrator, was an agricultural educator and economic philosopher. A follower and translator of the American Henry George, Lange was Headmaster of a "Small-holders High-School," which served as a model for American folk-schools. Lange visited North America on three occasions.

Pyrophilous fungi detected after wildfires in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park expand known species ranges and biodiversity estimates.

Following a late fall wildfire in 2016 in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, pyrophilous fungi in burn zones were documented over a 2-y period with respect to burn severity and phenology. Nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS) barcodes were obtained to confirm morphological evaluations.

Secret lifestyles of pyrophilous fungi in the genus Sphaerosporella.

Premise: Pyrophilous fungi form aboveground fruiting structures (ascocarps) following wildfires, but their ecology, natural history, and life cycles in the absence of wildfires are largely unknown. Sphaerosporella is considered to be pyrophilous. This study explores Sphaerosporella ascocarp appearance following a rare 2016 wildfire in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP), compares the timing of ascocarp formation with recovery of Sphaerosporella DNA sequences in soils, and explores the association of Sphaerosporella with post-fire Table Mountain pine (Pinus pungens) seedlings.

Two additional species of (Euagarics, Basidiomycotina).

For more than a decade, a combination of molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological characterisation has led to a renovation of the Omphalotaceae, especially of sensu lato. Numerous new genera have been proposed, but sensu stricto has also seen an accretion of species and species complexes. In this manuscript, two species are added to Gymnopus sensu stricto within Section Androsacei.

Revision of pyrophilous taxa of Pholiota described from North America reveals four species-P. brunnescens, P. castanea, P. highlandensis, and P. molesta.

A systematic reevaluation of North American pyrophilous or "burn-loving" species of Pholiota is presented based on molecular and morphological examination of type and historical collections. Confusion surrounds application of the names P. brunnescens, P.

Intragenomic nuclear RNA variation in a cryptic Amanita taxon.

Amanita cf. lavendula collections in eastern North America, Mexico, and Costa Rica were found to consist of four cryptic taxa, one of which exhibited consistently unreadable nuclear rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (fungal barcode) sequences after ITS1 base 130.

First report of the post-fire morel Morchella exuberans in eastern North America.

Reports of true morels (Morchella) fruiting on conifer burn sites are common in western North America where five different fire-adapted species of black morels (Elata Clade) have been documented based on multilocus phylogenetic analyses. Fruiting of post-fire morels in eastern North America, by comparison, are rare and limited to a report from Minnesota in 1977 and eastern Ontario in 1991. Here, nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.

The Xeromphalina campanella/kauffmanii complex: species delineation and biogeographical patterns of speciation.

European, North American and northeastern Asian collections of Xeromphalina section Xeromphalina were studied by sequencing the nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8SITS2 and 28S 5' regions and partial RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene (RPB2). Previously designated Xeromphalina campanella I is designated X.

Lignomyces, a new genus of pleurotoid Agaricomycetes.

Collections of a pleurotoid fungus from dead aspen in eastern Russia were initially identified as Lentinus sp., then as Phyllotopsis nidulans. DNA sequencing of cultures derived from these specimens using the nuclear ribosomal 28S (nrLSU) and nuclear ribosomal ITS1-5.

The mycological legacy of Elias Magnus Fries.

The taxonomic concepts which originated with or were accepted by Elias Magnus Fries were presented during his lifetime in the printed word, illustrative depiction, and in collections of dried specimens. This body of work was welcomed by the mycological and botanical communities of his time: students and associates aided Fries and after his passing carried forward his taxonomic ideas. His legacy spawned a line of Swedish and Danish mycologists intent on perpetuating the Fries tradition: Hampus von Post, Lars Romell, Seth Lundell and John Axel Nannfeldt in Sweden; Emil Rostrup, Severin Petersen and Jakob Lange in Denmark.

Evolutionary consequences of putative intra-and interspecific hybridization in agaric fungi.

Agaric fungi of the southern Appalachian Mountains including Great Smoky Mountains National Park are often heterozygous for the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) with >42% of collections showing some heterozygosity for indels and/or base-pair substitutions. For these collections, intra-individual haplotype divergence is typically less than 2%, but for 3% of these collections intra-individual haplotype divergence exceeds that figure. We hypothesize that high intra-individual haplotype divergence is due to hybridization between agaric fungi with divergent haplotypes, possibly migrants from geographically isolated glacial refugia.

IMC9 Edinburgh Nomenclature Sessions.

The proceedings of the 3-5 August 2010, IMC9 Edinburgh Nomenclature Sessions are briefly summarized. The final resolution approved by the General Assembly endorses the recommendations by the Nomenclature Sessions regarding transfer of the governance of fungal nomenclature from botanical to mycological congresses, mandatory pre-publication deposit of nomenclatural information for valid publication of new fungal names, and the acceptability of English as an alternative to Latin in the valid publication of fungal names. Complete results from the IMC9 nomenclature questionnaire are also provided.

A new genus to accommodate Gymnopus acervatus (Agaricales).

Phylogenies based on ITS and LSU nrDNA sequences show Agaricus (Gymnopus) acervatus as unique within the Gymnopus/Rhodocollybia complex. These phylogenies imply that a separate genus is necessary, and Connopus is proposed. Infraspecific morphological and DNA-based variation within C.

Variability and phylogenetic incongruence of an SSU nrDNA group I intron in Artomyces, Auriscalpium, and Lentinellus (Auriscalpiaceae: Homobasidiomycetes).

Previous research has shown that a group I intron occurs in the SSU ribosomal DNA gene of isolates of Artomyces (Clavicorona, in part) and Lentinellus, but apparently it is absent in an Auriscalpium isolate. However, further investigation revealed that the intron is apparently absent in some species of Artomyces and Lentinellus and is present in at least one species of Auriscalpium. To examine this further, the presence or absence of the group I intron is reported for 13 species of Lentinellus, two species of Auriscalpium, and 16 species of Artomyces.

Biogeographical patterns in Artomyces pyxidatus.

Artomyces pyxidatus (Auriscalpiaceae) is a lignicolous, coralloid basidiomycete found throughout temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Previous studies established that populations from the eastern United States, Sweden, and China were conspecific based on mating compatibility and enzyme profiles. In this study, mating compatibility was extended to include collections from Russia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Utah.