Spectral transmittance of animal intraocular lenses in comparison with the spectral properties of their biological lenses.

Purpose: To determine the spectral transmittance of artificial intraocular lenses (IOLs) designed for various species (dog, cat, chinchilla, eagle, tiger) and compare them to the spectral properties of the biological lenses of these species.

Methods: Twenty-seven IOLs were scanned with a spectrophotometer fitted with an integrating sphere.

Results: All IOLs transmitted long wavelengths well before cutting off sharply at short wavelengths, with insignificant transmission below ca.

Spectral sensitivity of cone vision in the diurnal murid .

An animal's temporal niche - the time of day at which it is active - is known to drive a variety of adaptations in the visual system. These include variations in the topography, spectral sensitivity and density of retinal photoreceptors, and changes in the eye's gross anatomy and spectral transmission characteristics. We have characterised visual spectral sensitivity in the murid rodent (the four-striped grass mouse), which is in the same family as (nocturnal) mice and rats but exhibits a strong diurnal niche.

The pupillary light responses of animals; a review of their distribution, dynamics, mechanisms and functions.

The timecourse and extent of changes in pupil area in response to light are reviewed in all classes of vertebrate and cephalopods. Although the speed and extent of these responses vary, most species, except the majority of teleost fish, show extensive changes in pupil area related to light exposure. The neuromuscular pathways underlying light-evoked pupil constriction are described and found to be relatively conserved, although the precise autonomic mechanisms differ somewhat between species.