Outcome More Than 20 Years After Surgery for Ulnar Nerve Compression at the Elbow.

Background: Ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow is a common neurological entrapment neuropathy. Previous research has shown that surgical treatment can be highly successful. Only a few studies have reported on long-term outcome after surgery.

Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy Compared with Anterior Cervical Discectomy with Fusion for Cervical Radiculopathy: Two-Year Results of the FACET Randomized Noninferiority Study.

Background: Posterior cervical foraminotomy (posterior surgery) is a valid alternative to anterior discectomy with fusion (anterior surgery) as a surgical treatment of cervical radiculopathy, but the quality of evidence has been limited. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcome of these treatments after 2 years of follow-up. We hypothesized that posterior surgery would be noninferior to anterior surgery.

Transforaminal versus posterior lumbar interbody fusion for symptomatic single-level spondylolisthesis (LIFT): a multicentre controlled, patient blinded, randomised non-inferiority trial.

Background: The effectiveness of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) compared to posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in patients with single-level spondylolisthesis has not been substantiated. To address the evidence gap, a well-powered randomized controlled non-inferiority trial comparing the effectiveness of TLIF with PLIF, entitled the Lumbar Interbody Fusion Trial (LIFT), was conducted.

Methods: In a multicenter randomized controlled non-inferiority trial among five Dutch hospitals, 161 patients were randomly allocated to either TLIF or PLIF (1:1), stratified according to study site.

Dynamic Computed Tomography Angiography for capturing vessel wall motion: A phantom study for optimal image reconstruction.

Background: Reliably capturing sub-millimeter vessel wall motion over time, using dynamic Computed Tomography Angiography (4D CTA), might provide insight in biomechanical properties of these vessels. This may improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decision making in vascular pathologies.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the most suitable image reconstruction method for 4D CTA to accurately assess harmonic diameter changes of vessels.

Augmented reality-The way forward in patient education for intracranial aneurysms? A qualitative exploration of views, expectations and preferences of patients suffering from an unruptured intracranial aneurysm regarding augmented reality in patient education.

The goal of this project is to explore the views, expectations and preferences of patients with an unruptured intracranial aneurysm regarding the use of AR in patient education. To gain an in-depth understanding of the patients' perspective, a face-to-face interview study was conducted using an interview protocol with a predefined topic list. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim afterwards.

Does spinal cord stimulation improve gait in Parkinson's disease: A comprehensive review.

Introduction: Axial disability, including gait disturbances, is common in Parkinson's disease (PD), especially in advanced stages. Epidural spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been investigated as a treatment option for gait disorders in PD. Here, we review the literature on SCS in PD and evaluate its efficacy, optimal stimulation parameters, optimal electrode locations, possible effects of concurrent deep brain stimulation, and possible working mechanisms on gait.

Conservative Treatment of Ulnar Nerve Compression at the Elbow: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

 The clinical results of conservative treatment options for ulnar compression at the elbow have not been clearly determined. The aim of this review was to evaluate available conservative treatment options and their effectiveness for ulnar nerve compression at the elbow.  In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations, a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies was performed.

Noninferiority of Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy vs Anterior Cervical Discectomy With Fusion for Procedural Success and Reduction in Arm Pain Among Patients With Cervical Radiculopathy at 1 Year: The FACET Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The choice between posterior cervical foraminotomy (posterior surgery) and anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (anterior surgery) for cervical foraminal radiculopathy remains controversial.

Objective: To investigate the noninferiority of posterior vs anterior surgery in patients with cervical foraminal radiculopathy with regard to clinical outcomes after 1 year.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter investigator-blinded noninferiority randomized clinical trial was conducted from January 2016 to May 2020 with a total follow-up of 2 years.

The type of cervical disc herniation on MRI does not correlate to clinical outcomes.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the type of cervical disc herniation influences the severity of symptoms at the time of presentation, and the outcome after surgical treatment.

Methods: The type and extent of disc herniation at the time of presentation in 108 patients who underwent anterior discectomy for cervical radiculopathy were analyzed on MRI, using a four-point scale. These were dichotomized into disc bulge and disc herniation groups.

Non-adjustable gravitational valves or adjustable valves in the treatment of hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients?

Purpose: Hydrocephalus requiring permanent CSF shunting after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is frequent. It is unknown which type of valve is optimal. This study evaluates if the revision rate of gravitational differential pressure valves (G-DPVs, GAV® system (B Braun)) (G-DPV) is comparable to adjustable pressure valves (Codman Medos Hakim) (APV) in the treatment of post-aSAH hydrocephalus.

The Role of Microelectrode Recording in Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery for Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: STN-DBS is a cornerstone in the treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). The traditional approach is to use an awake operative technique with microelectrode recording (MER). However, more centers start using an asleep MRI-guided technique without MER.

Gender Distribution in Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease: The Effect of Awake versus Asleep Surgery.

There is evidence that men are more likely to undergo deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD), suggesting that women are relatively undertreated. 121 consecutive PD patients undergoing awake DBS with microelectrode recording and intraoperative clinical testing (30 patients, 5 women) or asleep MRI-guided and CT-verified (91 patients, 38 women) bilateral subthalamic nucleus DBS were included in this study. The results showed an increase in the proportion of female patients from 16.

Influence of Industry in Hydrocephalus and Vertebral Augmentation Literature.

Objective: To investigate whether financial bias exists in hydrocephalus and vertebral augmentation literature.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed of studies concerning vertebral augmentation and cerebrospinal fluid valves. The relationship between reported conflicts of interest and the nature of the conclusion (positive vs.

Evaluation of the Use of P Values in Neurosurgical Literature: from Statistical Significance to Clinical Irrelevance.

The application and interpretation of P values have caused debate for several decades, and this debate has become particularly relevant in the past few years. The P value represents the probability of seeing results as extreme or more extreme than those observed in a data analysis, were the null hypothesis and other underlying assumptions to be true. While P values are useful in pointing out where an effect may be present, they have often been misused in an attempt to oversell "statistically significant" findings.

Correction: Protocol of the Healthy Brain Study: An accessible resource for understanding the human brain and how it dynamically and individually operates in its bio-social context.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Safety and efficacy of the eCLIPs bifurcation remodelling system for the treatment of wide necked bifurcation aneurysms: 1 year results from the European eCLIPs Safety, Feasibility, and Efficacy Study (EESIS).

Background: The eCLIPs bifurcation remodelling system is a non-circumferential implant that bridges the neck from outside of a bifurcation aneurysm. The goal of the multicenter, post-marketing European eCLIPs Safety, FeasIbility, and Efficacy Study (EESIS), was to present the efficacy and safety results of the eCLIPs device after 365 days of follow-up.

Methods: All patients were to receive an eCLIPs in conjunction with coils.

The Role of Microelectrode Recording and Stereotactic Computed Tomography in Verifying Lead Placement During Awake MRI-Guided Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) has become a cornerstone in the advanced treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite its well-established clinical benefit, there is a significant variation in the way surgery is performed. Most centers operate with the patient awake to allow for microelectrode recording (MER) and intraoperative clinical testing.

The role and effectiveness of augmented reality in patient education: A systematic review of the literature.

Objectives: To provide an overview of the existing research concerning the use and effects of AR in patient education.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines four electronic databases were systematically searched.

Inclusion Criteria: empirical studies using any type of AR intervention in patient education across all medical specialties.

Outcomes after Flow Diverter Treatment in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Meta-Analysis and Development of a Clinical Prediction Model (OUTFLOW).

Background: patients with a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) might need a flow diverter (FD) placement for complex acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs). We conducted a meta-analysis and developed a prediction model to estimate the favorable clinical outcome after the FD treatment in acutely ruptured IAs.

Methods: a systematic literature search was performed from 2010 to January 2021 in PubMed and Embase databases.

Protocol of the Healthy Brain Study: An accessible resource for understanding the human brain and how it dynamically and individually operates in its bio-social context.

The endeavor to understand the human brain has seen more progress in the last few decades than in the previous two millennia. Still, our understanding of how the human brain relates to behavior in the real world and how this link is modulated by biological, social, and environmental factors is limited. To address this, we designed the Healthy Brain Study (HBS), an interdisciplinary, longitudinal, cohort study based on multidimensional, dynamic assessments in both the laboratory and the real world.

Systematic Evaluation of Spinal Cord Injury Animal Models in the Field of Biomaterials.

The large number of animal models used in spinal cord injury (SCI) research complicates the objective selection of the most appropriate model to investigate the efficacy of biomaterial-based therapies. This systematic review aims to identify a list of relevant animal models of SCI by evaluating the confirmation of SCI and animal survival in all published SCI models used in biomaterials research up until April 2021. A search in PubMed and Embase based on "spinal cord injury," "animal models," and "biomaterials" yielded 4606 papers, 393 of which were further evaluated.

Long-term functional outcome of surgical treatment for degenerative cervical myelopathy.

Objective: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a major global cause of spinal cord dysfunction. Surgical treatment is considered a safe and effective way to improve functional outcome, although information about long-term functional outcome remains scarce despite increasing longevity. The objective of this study was to describe functional outcome 10 years after surgery for DCM.

The Clinical Relevance of the Cervical Disc Prosthesis: Combining Clinical Results of Two RCTs.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis was performed on data from 251 patients that were included in two randomized, double-blinded clinical trials comparing clinical results of anterior cervical discectomy and arthroplasty (ACDA) to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), and anterior cervical discectomy (ACD), for single-level disc herniation.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether the ACDA procedure offers superior clinical results 2 years after surgery, to either ACDF or ACD without instrumentation, in the entire group of patients or in a particular subgroup of patients.

Summary Of Background Data: The cervical disc prosthesis was introduced to provide superior clinical outcomes after ACD.