Design of casein-based nanocarriers for targeted delivery of daunorubicin to leukemia cells.

Daunorubicin (DAU) is a chemotherapy drug approved for the treatment of some cancers. However, the clinical compatibility of DAU is limited due to its lack of specificity and its highly toxic effects, which interfere with normal cells. This toxicity can be reduced with nanocarriers and targeted drug delivery systems.

Evaluation of the relationship of cytokines concentrations tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein in obese diabetics and obese non-diabetics: A comparative study.

Obesity has been linked to a low-grade inflammatory process in the white adipose tissue. Our study aims to detect the relationship between cytokine levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in obese diabetics, compared to obese non-diabetics, Iraqi individuals. Ninety Iraqi adults, 45 type 2 diabetic and 45 non-diabetic obese, were selected as controls.

Apoferritin nanocages for targeted delivery of idarubicin against breast cancer cells.

In recent years, nanotechnology has attracted attention for its capability to diagnose and remedy diverse tumors successfully.  Protein nanocarriers as a platform of targeted drug delivery can be used to reduce toxicity and improve the effect of anticancer drugs. Idarubicin (IDR) is a chemotherapy drug that is classified as an anthracycline antitumor.

A promising dual-drug targeted delivery system in cancer therapy: nanocomplexes of folate-apoferritin-conjugated cationic solid lipid nanoparticles.

Various nano-sized protein and lipid complexes are being investigated as drug delivery systems. The encapsulation of more than one drug in a single nanocomplex carrier could enhance the therapeutic potency and afford synergistic therapeutic effects. In this study, we developed a novel protein-lipid nanocomplex as a controlled drug delivery system for two important cancer drugs, doxorubicin (DOX) and mitoxantrone (MTO).

New Folate-Modified Human Serum Albumin Conjugated to Cationic Lipid Carriers for Dual Targeting of Mitoxantrone against Breast Cancer.

Aims: In the present work, folic acid-modified human serum albumin conjugated to cationic solid lipid nanoparticles were synthesized as nanocarriers of mitoxantrone for the treatment of breast cancer.

Background: Dual-targeted drug delivery is a new drug dosing strategy that is frequently used to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs.

Objective: Dual targeting of the cancer cells was achieved by dual tagging of human serum albumin and folic acid on the surface of the lipid nanoparticles.

Biosensor design using an electroactive label-based aptamer to detect bisphenol A in serum samples.

A new and simple procedure was applied to detect bisphenol A (BPA) based on a BPA aptamer and its complementary strand (Comp. Str.).

Correction to: Immobilization of tyrosinase on Fe3o4@Au core-shell nanoparticles as bio-probe for detection of dopamine, phenol and catechol.

In the original article, the third author's name and affiliation is incorrectly published.

A Review on Targeting Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer.

Chemotherapeutic agents have been used extensively in breast cancer remedy. However, most anticancer drugs cannot differentiate between cancer cells and normal cells, leading to toxic side effects. Also, the resulted drug resistance during chemotherapy reduces treatment efficacy.

Development and characterization of folic acid-functionalized apoferritin as a delivery vehicle for epirubicin against MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Epirubicin (Epr) is an effective chemotherapeutic drug; however, the clinical amenability of Epr is limited by its highly toxic interaction with normal cells. This toxicity can be decreased by utilizing nanocarriers and targeted drug delivery systems. This work describes an approach for the delivery of Epr via encapsulation in the horse spleen apoferritin (HsAFr) cavity.

An electrochemical biosensor based on cobalt nanoparticles synthesized in iron storage protein molecules to determine ascorbic acid.

The electrochemical detection of ascorbic acid (AA) was investigated using a cobalt(III)-ferritin immobilized on a self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrode in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.5). The modified electrode showed excellent electrochemical activity for oxidation of AA.

Apoferritin-templated biosynthesis of manganese nanoparticles and investigation of direct electron transfer of MnNPs-HsAFr at modified glassy carbon electrode.

Manganese nanoparticles (MnNPs) were created within horse spleen apoferritin (HsAFr) cavity nanotemplates. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the particle size to be 6 nm. Intrinsic fluorescence data showed that the mineralization acted as a quencher of the HsAFr fluorescence, and extrinsic fluorescence data revealed that the hydrophobic binding site at the surface of HsAFr was not changed.

Laccase immobilization on the electrode surface to design a biosensor for the detection of phenolic compound such as catechol.

Biosensors based on the coupling of a biological entity with a suitable transducer offer an effective route to detect phenolic compounds. Phenol and phenolic compounds are among the most toxic environmental pollutants. Laccases are multi-copper oxidases that can oxide phenol and phenolic compounds.

Sensitive electrochemical biosensing of H2O2 based on cobalt nanoparticles synthesised in iron storage protein molecules, ferritin.

In this report, a highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor based on cobaltferritin immobilised on a self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrode for determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.5) was investigated. The modified electrode showed excellent electrochemical activity for oxidation of H2O2.

Biomimetic synthesis and characterization of cobalt nanoparticles using apoferritin, and investigation of direct electron transfer of Co(NPs)-ferritin at modified glassy carbon electrode to design a novel nanobiosensor.

Oxyhydroxy cobalt CoO(OH) nanoparticles (Co-NPs) were prepared in horse spleen apoferritin (HsAFr) cavity. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the particle size was 5.5-6 nm.