Comparison of hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency, and adrenal insufficiency following proton and photon radiotherapy in children with medulloblastoma.

Background: Endocrine deficiencies are common following Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in children with brain tumors, but empirical data comparing outcomes following proton (PRT) and photon radiation therapy (XRT) are limited.

Methods: This retrospective chart review compared the incidence of hypothyroidism, Growth hormone deficiency (GHD), and Adrenal insufficiency (AI) in patients with medulloblastoma treated with XRT and PRT between 1997 and 2016. All patients received CSI and had routine endocrine screening labs to evaluate for thyroid dysfunction, GHD, and AI.

Increasing Insulin Pump Use Among 12- to 26-Year-Olds With Type 1 Diabetes: Results From the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative.

Insulin pump therapy in pediatric type 1 diabetes has been associated with better glycemic control than multiple daily injections. However, insulin pump use remains limited. This article describes an initiative from the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative aimed at increasing insulin pump use in patients aged 12-26 years with type 1 diabetes from a baseline of 45% in May 2018 to >50% by February 2020.

Comparison of height and weight after 12 vs. 18 Gy cranial radiation therapy in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients.

Purpose: To compare the effect of 12 versus 18 Gy cranial radiation therapy (RT) on height and weight indices among pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods And Materials: Records of children with ALL who were 2 to 14 years old at the time of RT and were treated at a single institution between 2000 and 2011 were reviewed. Patients' height, weight, and body mass index were converted into z-scores using the Centers for Disease Control growth charts to normalize the values to number of standard deviations from the mean.

Staphylococcus aureus infections in pediatric patients with diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: To describe Staphylococcus aureus infections in children with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: Children with DM (cases) and S. aureus infections (2/02-6/10) were identified from a surveillance database.

Hyperglycemia during induction therapy is associated with poorer survival in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Objectives: To investigate whether children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) who have development of hyperglycemia during induction may have worse relapse-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates.

Study Design: A review of 167 children diagnosed with ALL between 1999 to 2002 at Texas Children's Hospital was performed. Blood glucose concentrations during induction therapy were reviewed; patients were assigned to 3 groups: euglycemia (blood glucose < 140 mg/dL), mild hyperglycemia (blood glucose between 140-200 mg/dL), and overt hyperglycemia (blood glucose > 200 mg/dL).

Hyperglycemia during induction therapy is associated with increased infectious complications in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Background: Children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) are at high risk for developing hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemic adult ALL patients have shorter remissions, more infections, and increased mortality. No corresponding data are available in children.