Magnitude and Extent of Resistance Levels to Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab2 across the Southeastern USA.

After resistance is first detected, continued resistance monitoring can inform decisions on how to effectively manage resistant populations. We monitored for resistance to Cry1Ac (2018 and 2019) and Cry2Ab2 (2019) from southeastern USA populations of . We collected larvae from various plant hosts, sib-mated the adults, and tested neonates using diet-overlay bioassays and compared them to susceptible populations for resistance estimates.

Building a transdisciplinary expert consensus on the cognitive drivers of performance under pressure: An international multi-panel Delphi study.

Introduction: The ability to perform optimally under pressure is critical across many occupations, including the military, first responders, and competitive sport. Despite recognition that such performance depends on a range of cognitive factors, how common these factors are across performance domains remains unclear. The current study sought to integrate existing knowledge in the performance field in the form of a transdisciplinary expert consensus on the cognitive mechanisms that underlie performance under pressure.

Incidence of Brain Metastasis as First Event in Patients with Esophageal Carcinoma: a Report from Three Prospective Alliance Clinical Trials.

Purpose: Historically, reported incidence of brain metastasis secondary to esophageal carcinoma is low. We sought to determine the incidence of brain metastasis in a contemporary cohort of patients with carcinoma of the esophagus.

Methods: Data from patients with localized esophageal carcinoma prospectively enrolled on three curative intent Alliance treatment trials (N0044, N0342, N044E) were reviewed including time to diagnosis of first progression event (brain versus other site) and overall survival.

Disability and multidimensional quality of life: A capability approach to health status assessment.

This paper offers an approach to assessing quality of life, based on Sen's (1985) theory, which it uses to understand loss in quality of life due to mobility impairment. Specifically, it provides a novel theoretical analysis that is able to account for the possibility that some functionings may increase when a person's capabilities decrease, if substitution effects are large enough. We then develop new data consistent with our theoretical framework that permits comparison of quality of life between those with a disability (mobility impairment) and those without.

The effects of the Israeli siege on health provision in the Gaza Strip: a qualitative and theoretical analysis.

Background: Siege, a process of political domination aimed at isolating an entire population, is a unique threat to health-care provision. The aim of this study was to qualitatively examine the effects of the Israeli siege on the practices and systems that underlie health in the Gaza Strip.

Methods: Data were from participant observation between 2009 and 2017, including 20 interviews with doctors and health administrators in non-governmental organisations (NGO), government, and UN sectors.

Frankliniella fusca resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides: an emerging challenge for cotton pest management in the eastern United States.

Background: Over the past two decades, neonicotinoid seed treatments have become the primary method to manage tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca Hinds, on seedling cotton. Because this insect is highly polyphagous and the window of insecticide exposure is short, neonicotinoid resistance was expected to pose a minimal risk. However, reports of higher than expected F.

Healthcare under siege: Geopolitics of medical service provision in the Gaza Strip.

Siege, a process of political domination aimed at isolating an entire population, represents a unique threat to healthcare provision. This study is a qualitative examination of the impacts of siege on the practices and systems that underlie health in Gaza. Data are from participant observation conducted over a period of six years (2009-2014), along over 20 interviews with doctors and health administrators in the Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO), Governmental, and United Nations sectors.

Spatial Bayesian belief networks as a planning decision tool for mapping ecosystem services trade-offs on forested landscapes.

An integrated methodology, based on linking Bayesian belief networks (BBN) with GIS, is proposed for combining available evidence to help forest managers evaluate implications and trade-offs between forest production and conservation measures to preserve biodiversity in forested habitats. A Bayesian belief network is a probabilistic graphical model that represents variables and their dependencies through specifying probabilistic relationships. In spatially explicit decision problems where it is difficult to choose appropriate combinations of interventions, the proposed integration of a BBN with GIS helped to facilitate shared understanding of the human-landscape relationships, while fostering collective management that can be incorporated into landscape planning processes.

Photothermal therapy of cancer cells mediated by blue hydrogel nanoparticles.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the utility of biologically compatible, nontoxic and cell-specific targetable hydrogel nanoparticles (NPs), which have Coomassie® Brilliant Blue G dye (Sigma-Aldrich, MO, USA) covalently linked into their polyacrylamide matrix, as candidates for photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancer cells.

Materials & Methods: Hydrogel NPs with Coomassie Brilliant Blue G dye covalently linked into their polyacrylamide matrix were fabricated using a reverse micelle microemulsion polymerization method and were found to be 80-95 nm in diameter, with an absorbance value of 0.52.

Incidence of brain metastasis in patients with esophageal carcinoma.

Aim: To determine the incidence of brain metastasis in a contemporary group of patients with carcinoma of the esophagus.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 53 patients with esophageal carcinoma who received radiotherapy as a component of treatment between 1998 and 2007, including patient and tumor characteristics, and subsequent diagnosis of brain metastasis. The association between the histological type of esophageal cancer and the incidence of brain metastasis was assessed using Fisher's exact test.

Evaluation of the ScanRDI(R) as a Rapid Alternative to the Pharmacopoeial Sterility Test Method: Comparison of the Limits of Detection.

Two sterility test methods, the ScanRDI® rapid sterility test and the United States Pharmacopeia/European Pharmacopoeia/Japanese Pharmacopoeia (USP/EP/JP) compendial sterility test, were compared with respect to the limits of detection for the presence of viable microorganisms in aqueous solutions at low inoculation levels. The ScanRDI® system employs a combination of direct fluorescent labeling techniques and solid-phase laser scanning cytometry to rapidly enumerate viable microorganisms from aqueous samples, whereas the compendial sterility test is a qualitative, growth-based method that uses a visual assessment of turbidity to indicate microbial contamination. Eight microorganisms were evaluated, seven compendial microorganisms (Clostridium sporogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans) and the Gram-positive anaerobe Propionibacterium acnes.

Giant magnetoresistance in oxypnictides (La,Nd)OMnAs.

A sizeable negative magnetoresistance (MR) has been observed for oxypnictides LnOMnAs (Ln = La,Nd). MR up to -24% is observed at 200 K for LaOMnAs which is unprecedented for divalent Mn(2+). Both materials are weak ferromagnets with transition temperatures above room temperature.

Nanoparticle PEBBLE sensors in live cells and in vivo.

Nanoparticle sensors have been developed for real-time imaging and dynamic monitoring, both in live cells and in vivo, of molecular and ionic components, constructs, forces, and dynamics observed during biological, chemical, and physical processes. With their biocompatible small size and inert matrix, nanoparticle sensors have been successfully applied to noninvasive real-time measurements of analytes and fields in cells and in rodents, with spatial, temporal, physical, and chemical resolution. This review describes the diverse designs of nanoparticle sensors for ions and small molecules, physical fields, and biological features, as well as the characterization, properties, and applications of these nanosensors to in vitro and in vivo measurements.

Seasonal variation in physical performance-related variables in male NCAA Division III soccer players.

The purpose of this study was to examine changes in various aerobic and anaerobic physical performance measures in male National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III soccer players during the competitive soccer season. Twelve starters of the men's soccer team (mean +/- SD; age = 20.0 +/- 0.

Neutron diffraction, electronic band structure, and electrical resistivity of Mo(3-x)Ru(x)Sb(7).

Neutron diffraction experiments and Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker with coherent potential approximation electronic band structure calculations as well as electrical resistivity measurements have been performed on polycrystalline Mo(3-x)Ru(x)Sb(7) samples for 0 < or = x < or = 1. Neutron diffraction studies have been undertaken at room temperature and extended down to 4 K to get a better understanding of the crystalline structure modifications as the Ru content increases. Both structural and chemical characterizations have unambiguously revealed a solubility limit of the Ru atoms close to 0.

Successful cardiac transplantation in a patient with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance: a relative contraindication to transplantation.

Elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in a transplantation candidate should be viewed as potentially reversible, and there are several options for therapy. We describe a young patient with congenital restrictive cardiomyopathy and a markedly elevated pulmonary artery pressure. The patient underwent successful orthotopic heart transplantation after pharmacologic lowering of the pulmonary artery pressure with a new drug combination of milrinone and nesiritide.

Gating of single molecule transistors: combining field-effect and chemical control.

Previously we have demonstrated that several structural features are crucial for the functionality of molecular field-effect transistors. The effect of additional structural aspects of molecular wires is explored. These include the type of, the thiol binding location on, and the chemical substitutions of a conjugated system.

Simultaneous insertion of a left ventricular assist system and repair of an ascending aortic dissection.

Operative methods for repairing ascending aortic dissections and for implanting left ventricular assist systems have been thoroughly presented in the medical literature. Only a few reports, however, describe the concomitant performance of these procedures in 1 patient. We report the repair of an acute ascending aortic dissection with simultaneous placement of a long-term left ventricular assist system.

Extended access to nicotine self-administration leads to dependence: Circadian measures, withdrawal measures, and extinction behavior in rats.

The present study characterized nicotine intake, circadian patterns of food and water intake, precipitated somatic signs of withdrawal, and extinction of nicotine-seeking behavior in rats with 23-h access to intravenous self-administration (IVSA). Separate groups of animals were allowed access to nicotine IVSA (0.015, n = 9; 0.

Replacement of a malfunctioning HeartMate II left ventricular assist device in a 14-year-old after a sudden fall.

An increasing number of patients are returning to normal activity after implantation of intracorporeal left ventricular assist devices. We describe the emergency replacement of the impeller portion of a HeartMate II left ventricular assist system that had stopped functioning after the 14-year-old recipient experienced a sudden fall from a skateboard.

Diminished nicotine withdrawal in adolescent rats: implications for vulnerability to addiction.

Rationale: Enhanced reinforcing effects of nicotine during adolescence appear to contribute to the rapid development of dependence in this age group. However, the contribution of nicotine withdrawal to dependence in adolescents is unclear.

Objective: We compared motivational and somatic signs of nicotine withdrawal in adolescent and adult rats.

Bayesian calibration of process-based forest models: bridging the gap between models and data.

Process-based forest models generally have many parameters, multiple outputs of interest and a small underlying empirical database. These characteristics hamper parameterization. Bayesian calibration offers a solution to the calibration problem because it applies to models of any type or size.