Prevalence and Risk Factors of spp. in Broiler Chickens from Pichincha and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador.

Coccidiosis in chickens is a parasitic disease of economic importance for the poultry industry. In Ecuador, there is limited information regarding the prevalence of spp. on commercial broiler farms.

Milk Quality Parameters of Raw Milk in Ecuador between 2010 and 2020: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

With the objective of evaluating the quality parameters of raw milk in Ecuador between 2010 and 2020, a systematic review and meta-analysis of 73 studies on raw milk produced in different regions of Ecuador was performed. Under the random effects model, effect size and heterogeneity were determined vs. climatic region both among analyses and studies, with Cochran’s Q, I2 and Tau (π) statistics.

Successful implementation of cognitive reappraisal: effects of habit and situational factors.

Reappraisal is an adaptive emotion regulation strategy associated with favourable mental health outcomes. It is unclear whether the adaptive outcomes of habitual reappraisal are associated with better implementation of reappraisal when faced with negative affective situations. The current study aimed to examine whether habitual reappraisal predicts the implementation of instructed reappraisal and to evaluate the potential moderating effects of situational factors, namely - emotional intensity and reappraisal affordance.

Dietary aflatoxin B1-related risk factors for the presence of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk of cows from Ecuador.

Background: Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is hepatotoxic and carcinogenic, and it may be present in milk due to dairy cow's ingestion when feed is contaminated with Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1).

Aim: The objective of this research was to determine the potential risk factors of dietary AFB1 contamination in dairy cows, which causes AFM1 contamination of the raw milk, through an epidemiological survey and statistical analysis.

Methods: 209 raw milk samples were collected, and AFM1 concentrations were detected by lateral flow immunochromatographic assay.

Pulp Mineral Content of Passion Fruit Germplasm Grown in Ecuador and Its Relationship with Fruit Quality Traits.

There are several species of passion fruit grown in South America. However, there is a lack of information about the mineral content in their pulp. Thus, the objective of the present research was to determine the mineral content in the pulp of different germplasms of passion fruit [ f.

Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of spp. Germplasm Grown in Ecuador.

Tropical fruits are in high demand for their flavor and for their functional composition because these compounds are considered nutraceuticals. Passion fruit production is of economic importance to Ecuador; however, several species are grown and each has to be analyzed to identify their phytochemical composition. In this study, the polyphenol, flavonoid, carotenoid, vitamin C, sugar and organic acid contents were determined.

Phytochemical Characterization of a Tree Tomato ( Cav.) Breeding Population Grown in the Inter-Andean Valley of Ecuador.

Tree tomato ( Cav.) is an Andean fruit crop that is grown in Ecuador. It is an exceptional source of minerals and vitamins, thus has nutraceutical properties.

Hemiepiphysiodesis for coronal angular knee deformities: tension-band plate versus percutaneous transphyseal screw.

Introduction: Pediatric coronal plane knee deformities can be treated surgically using hemiepiphysiodesis. The two leading techniques used for hemiepiphysiodesis are: tension-band plates (TBP) and percutaneous transphyseal screws (PETS). We hypothesized that PETS would lead to faster guided correction of angular knee deformities than TBP.

Prevalence of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle in ecuador.

Background: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causal agent of paratuberculosis, a chronic infectious contagious disease of the intestinal tract of ruminants that are also associated with Crohn's disease in humans. The existence of paratuberculosis in Ecuador is virtually unknown; hence, the present study was performed to gain insight into the prevalence of this disease.

Genitalic Differentiations in Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Gueneé) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Associated with Solanaceae Crops in Ecuador.

(Guenée) is an oligophagous species of plants in the Solanaceae family that has a broad geographical distribution in the tropical zones of South America. It is the most important insect pest of naranjilla ( Lamarck), a crop grown in threatened areas of the tropical old-growth forest in Ecuador. In this study, two host-specific populations of were collected from infested fruit of naranjilla and tree tomato ( Cavanilles) in different locations.

Serodiagnosis of bovine trypanosomosis caused by non-tsetse transmitted Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax parasites using the soluble form of a Trypanozoon variant surface glycoprotein antigen.

Previous studies have shown that a 64-kDa antigen (p64) that was purified from the Venezuelan TeAp-N/D1 isolate of Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) equiperdum corresponds to the soluble form of its predominant variant surface glycoprotein (VSG), and exhibited cross-reactivity with Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax. The course of experimental acute infections of bovines with T. vivax were followed by measuring whole anti-p64 antibodies and specific anti-p64 IgG and IgM antibodies in animal sera by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in slaughtered cattle identified by nested-PCR in abattoirs from two dairy areas of Ecuador.

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic granulomatous disease that primarily affects lung tissue and lymph nodes (LN) in cattle, with economic impact on their productivity. Furthermore, it is potential zoonoses that may cause public health hazard. In this study, we evaluated the presence of bTB in two abattoirs: Cayambe and Pelileo countries located in the Ecuadorian provinces of Pichincha and Tungurahua, respectively.

Spatio-temporal clusters of incident human brucellosis cases in Ecuador.

This study aimed to determine whether variations in the incidence of reported cases of human brucellosis in Ecuador were clustered in space and time. In addition, the effects of cattle and small ruminant population density and other socio-economic factors on the incidence were investigated. Significant space-time clusters were found in the northern and southern highlands and parts of Ecuadorian Amazonia.

Assessment of the time-dependent inhibition (TDI) potential of test compounds with human liver microsomes by IC50 shift method using a nondilution approach.

Time-dependent inhibition (TDI) of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes is increasingly implicated in the majority of clinically relevant drug-drug interactions (DDIs). A time-dependent inhibitor or its reactive metabolite irreversibly inactivates CYP enzymes, thereby inhibiting the metabolism of other drugs. As the majority of marketed drugs are metabolized by CYP enzymes, their inhibition has important clinical consequences, such as in decreasing the metabolic clearance of a co-administered drug (victim drug).

Post-mortem examination and laboratory-based analysis for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis among dairy cattle in Ecuador.

Veterinary inspection in slaughterhouses allows for the detection of macroscopic lesions reminiscent of bovine tuberculosis, but the presence of Mycobacterium bovis must be confirmed by laboratory methods. This study aimed at comparing the performances of the standard diagnostic tools used to identify M. bovis in tissue specimens sampled from suspicious animals.

Comparison of physical chemical properties of llama VHH antibody fragments and mouse monoclonal antibodies.

Antigen specific llama VHH antibody fragments were compared to antigen specific mouse monoclonal antibodies with respect to specificity, affinity and stability. The llama VHH antibody fragments and the mouse monoclonal antibodies investigated were shown to be highly specific for the protein antigen hCG or the hapten antigen RR-6. The affinity of the interaction between monovalent llama VHH antibody fragments and their antigen is close to the nanomolar range, similar to the bivalent mouse monoclonal antibodies studied.