Climate change enhances stability of wheat-flowering-date.

The stability of winter wheat-flowering-date is crucial for ensuring consistent and robust crop performance across diverse climatic conditions. However, the impact of climate change on wheat-flowering-dates remains uncertain. This study aims to elucidate the influence of climate change on wheat-flowering-dates, predict how projected future climate conditions will affect flowering date stability, and identify the most stable wheat genotypes in the study region.

Breeding and adoption of biofortified crops and their nutritional impact on human health.

Micronutrient malnutrition has affected over two billion people worldwide and continues to be a health risk. A growing human population, poverty, and the prevalence of low dietary diversity are jointly responsible for malnutrition, particularly in developing nations. Inadequate bioavailability of key micronutrients, such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and vitamin A, can be improved through agronomic and/or genetic interventions.

Climate change may outpace current wheat breeding yield improvements in North America.

Variety adaptation to future climate for wheat is important but lacks comprehensive understanding. Here, we evaluate genetic advancement under current and future climate using a dataset of wheat breeding nurseries in North America during 1960-2018. Results show that yields declined by 3.

Main effect and epistatic QTL affecting spike shattering and association with plant height revealed in two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations.

A major QTL on chromosome arm 4BS was associated with reduced spike shattering and reduced plant height in coupling phase, and a second major QTL associated with reduced spike shattering was detected on chromosome arm 5AL in the same wheat variety Carberry. Spike shattering can cause severe grain yield loss in wheat. Development of cultivars with reduced shattering but having easy mechanical threshability is the target of wheat breeding programs.

A Combination of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes, Including and , Is the Key to the Durable Resistance of the Canadian Wheat Cultivar, Carberry.

The hexaploid spring wheat cultivar, Carberry, was registered in Canada in 2009, and has since been grown over an extensive area on the Canadian Prairies. Carberry has maintained a very high level of leaf rust ( Eriks.) resistance since its release.

Conditional Mapping Identified Quantitative Trait Loci for Grain Protein Concentration Expressing Independently of Grain Yield in Canadian Durum Wheat.

Grain protein concentration (GPC) is an important trait in durum cultivar development as a major determinant of the nutritional value of grain and end-use product quality. However, it is challenging to simultaneously select both GPC and grain yield (GY) due to the negative correlation between them. To characterize quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GPC and understand the genetic relationship between GPC and GY in Canadian durum wheat, we performed both traditional and conditional QTL mapping using a doubled haploid (DH) population of 162 lines derived from Pelissier × Strongfield.

Characterization of the Genetic Architecture for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Durum Wheat: The Complex Association of Resistance, Flowering Time, and Height Genes.

Durum wheat is an economically important crop for Canadian farmers. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most destructive diseases that threatens durum production in Canada. FHB reduces yield and end-use quality and most commonly contaminates the grain with the fungal mycotoxin deoxynivalenol, also known as DON.

Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with leaf rust resistance in five spring wheat populations using single nucleotide polymorphism markers.

Growing resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum L) varieties is an important strategy for the control of leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. This study sought to identify the chromosomal location and effects of leaf rust resistance loci in five Canadian spring wheat cultivars. The parents and doubled haploid lines of crosses Carberry/AC Cadillac, Carberry/Vesper, Vesper/Lillian, Vesper/Stettler and Stettler/Red Fife were assessed for leaf rust severity and infection response in field nurseries in Canada near Swift Current, SK from 2013 to 2015, Morden, MB from 2015 to 2017 and Brandon, MB in 2016, and in New Zealand near Lincoln in 2014.

High Density Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Conferring Gluten Strength in Canadian Durum Wheat.

Gluten strength is one of the factors that determine the end-use quality of durum wheat and is an important breeding target for this crop. To characterize the quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling gluten strength in Canadian durum wheat cultivars, a population of 162 doubled haploid (DH) lines segregating for gluten strength and derived from cv. Pelissier × cv.

Abundance of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal taxa associated with the roots and rhizosphere soil of different durum wheat cultivars in the Canadian prairies.

Understanding the variation in how wheat genotypes shape their arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities in a prairie environment is foundational to breeding for enhanced AM fungi-wheat interactions. The AM fungal communities associated with 32 durum wheat genotypes were described by pyrosequencing of amplicons. The experiment was set up at two locations in the Canadian prairies.

High-density genetic mapping of a major QTL for resistance to multiple races of loose smut in a tetraploid wheat cross.

Loose smut, caused by Ustilago tritici (Pers.) Rostr., is a systemic disease of tetraploid durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.

Quantitative trait loci for resistance to stripe rust of wheat revealed using global field nurseries and opportunities for stacking resistance genes.

Quantitative trait loci controlling stripe rust resistance were identified in adapted Canadian spring wheat cultivars providing opportunity for breeders to stack loci using marker-assisted breeding. Stripe rust or yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f.

How early can the seeding dates of spring wheat be under current and future climate in Saskatchewan, Canada?

Background: Shorter growing season and water stress near wheat maturity are the main factors that presumably limit the yield potential of spring wheat due to late seeding in Saskatchewan, Canada. Advancing seeding dates can be a strategy to help producers mitigate the impact of climate change on spring wheat. It is unknown, however, how early farmers can seed while minimizing the risk of spring frost damage and the soil and machinery constraints.

Quantitative genetic analysis and mapping of leaf angle in durum wheat.

The leaf erectness profile has been used to optimize plant architecture since erect leaves can enhance photosynthesis and dry matter production by greater sunlight capture. Brassinosteroid is a recent class of phytohormones that has been related to a more erect profile. There are no reports in the literature of the genetic variability of leaf angle in doubled haploid durum wheat populations; most studies on leaf angle have focused on the inheritance.

Brassinosteroid leaf unrolling QTL mapping in durum wheat.

Brassinosteroids are a newly reported class of plant growth phytohormones found in plants throughout the plant kingdom. Functioning at very low concentrations, they play an essential role in improving biomass yield and stress tolerance. There are no reports in the literature of the genetic variability of responsiveness of brassinosteroids in wheat; most studies on brassinosteroids have focused on the physiological effects of exogenous addition of brassinosteroids.

Forensic pathology of canadian bread wheat: the case of tan spot.

ABSTRACT Pyrenophora tritici-repentis causes necrosis and chlorosis in its wheat host. Susceptibility to races 2 (necrosis) and 5 (chlorosis) of the pathogen is known to be mediated by Ptr ToxA and Ptr ToxB, respectively. Sensitivity to each toxin is controlled by a single dominant and independently inherited gene.

Genome-wide linkage disequilibrium analysis in bread wheat and durum wheat.

Bread wheat and durum wheat were examined for linkage disequilibrium (LD) using microsatellite markers distributed across the genome. The allele database consisted of 189 bread wheat accessions genotyped at 370 loci and 93 durum wheat accessions genotyped at 245 loci. A significance level of p < 0.

Haplotype diversity of preharvest sprouting QTLs in wheat.

Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is one of the most important factors affecting wheat production worldwide in environments characterized by rainfall and high humidity at harvest. In such environments, the incorporation of seed dormancy of a limited duration is required to minimize losses associated with PHS. A global collection of 28 PHS-resistant and -susceptible wheat germplasm was characterized with microsatellite markers flanking the genomic regions associated with PHS-resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs), particularly on chromosomes 3D and 4A.

Assembling complex genotypes to resist Fusarium in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Fusarium head blight of wheat is a major deterrent to wheat production world-wide. The genetics of FHB resistance in wheat are becoming clear and there is a good understanding of the genome location of FHB resistance QTL from different sources such as Sumai3, Wuhan, Nyubai and Frontana. All the components needed for assembling complex genotypes through large-scale molecular breeding experiments are now available.

Allelic reduction and genetic shift in the Canadian hard red spring wheat germplasm released from 1845 to 2004.

Analysis of genetic diversity changes in existing gene pools of cultivated crops is important for understanding the impact of plant breeding on crop genetic diversity and developing effective indicators for genetic diversity of cultivated plants. The objective of this study was to assess genetic diversity changes in 75 Canadian hard red wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars released from 1845 to 2004 using 31 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers.