Sex differences in childhood cancer risk following ART conception: a registry-based study.

Study Question: Does the risk of childhood cancer following ARTs vary by sex?

Summary Answer: In this registry-based study, some childhood cancers showed positive sex- and age-specific associations in children conceived using certain ART modalities, which were not evident in overall combined analyses.

What Is Known Already: The relationship between ART and risk of childhood cancer has shown diverse outcomes in prior research. Studies examining whether there are sex differences in childhood cancer risk after ART conception are lacking.

Preterm birth in assisted reproduction: the mediating role of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

Study Question: To what extent can hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) explain the higher risk of preterm birth following frozen embryo transfer (frozen-ET) and fresh embryo transfer (fresh-ET) in ART compared with naturally conceived pregnancies?

Summary Answer: HDP did not contribute to the higher risk of preterm birth in pregnancies after fresh-ET but mediated 20.7% of the association between frozen-ET and preterm birth.

What Is Known Already: Risk of preterm birth is higher after ART compared to natural conception.

A case of acute functional hemispherotomy in a young woman with hemimegalencephaly and super-refractory status epilepticus.

Status epilepticus (SE) is a critical medical emergency that demands immediate and effective intervention. We report a unique case involving a 21-year-old woman with left hemimegalencephaly who was hospitalized for super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) that persisted for 8 weeks. Despite extensive treatment efforts including multiple anti-seizure medications, anesthetics, high-dose methylprednisolone, anakinra, magnesium infusion, and a ketogenic diet, her condition remained unchanged.

Dynamic cerebral autoregulation is preserved during orthostasis and intrathoracic pressure regulation in healthy subjects: A pilot study.

Resistance breathing may restore cardiac output (CO) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) during hypovolemia. We assessed CBF and cerebral autoregulation (CA) during tilt, resistance breathing, and paced breathing in 10 healthy subjects. Blood velocities in the internal carotid artery (ICA), middle cerebral arteries (MCA, four subjects), and aorta were measured by Doppler ultrasound in 30° and 60° semi-recumbent positions.

Depth of anesthesia monitoring in Norway-A web-based survey.

Background: The bispectral index (BIS) monitor is the most frequently used electroencephalogram (EEG)-based depth of anesthesia (DoA) technology in Norwegian hospitals. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the extent and clinical impact of its use and how anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists use the information provided by the DoA monitors in their clinical practice.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey on the use of DoA monitors in Norway used a web-based questionnaire distributed to anesthesia personnel in all hospitals in Norway.

Early or late menarche is associated with reduced fecundability in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study.

Study Question: Is age at menarche associated with fecundability?

Summary Answer: Both early (<11 years) and late (>15 years) menarche is associated with decreased fecundability.

What Is Known Already: Previous studies on age at menarche and fecundability have been inconclusive. Women with early or late menarche are at increased risks of gynaecological and autoimmune diseases that may affect their ability to conceive.

Pregnant women with acute respiratory distress syndrome triggered by COVID-19.

Background: Pregnant women with COVID-19 are probably at increased risk of serious illness. The objective of this study was to describe the course of illness in pregnant women admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with acute respiratory distress syndrome triggered by COVID-19.

Material And Method: Pregnant women with COVID-19 were registered on admission to an ICU at Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital in the period March 2020 to May 2023.

Risk of stroke the year following a delivery after using assisted reproductive technologies.

Background: Studies indicate that individuals who deliver after assisted reproductive technologies (ART) may have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). A recent large study from the U.S.

Overcoming Barriers to Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma: Recommendations from a Multidisciplinary Roundtable Discussion.

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a standard of care treatment for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, only 20% to 30% of patients with MM for whom the procedure is indicated undergo ASCT. Barriers to ASCT may be informational, financial, logistic, or cultural and may affect patients and treating oncologists.

Birth size after embryo cryopreservation: larger by all measures?

Study Question: Are the changes in birthweight after frozen and fresh embryo transfer associated with corresponding changes in other measures of foetal growth and placental efficiency?

Summary Answer: Although placental efficiency was reduced for both frozen and fresh embryo transfer, children born after frozen embryo transfer (frozen-ET) had symmetrically increased size at birth, whereas children born after fresh embryo transfer (fresh-ET) were asymmetrically smaller at birth, compared to naturally conceived children.

What Is Known Already: In pregnancies following frozen-ET, the risk of being born large, as measured by birthweight, is higher than after natural and fresh-ET conceptions. It is not known whether this is a result of symmetrically increased growth and increased placental efficiency.

[Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with COVID-19].

Background: COVID-19 can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In some patients for whom conventional mechanical ventilation is insufficient, venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can be life-saving.

Material And Method: Retrospective analysis of data from patients with ARDS triggered by COVID-19 who received ECMO therapy between March 2020 and February 2022.

The challenges of selective fertility and carryover effects in within-sibship analyses: the effect of assisted reproductive technology on perinatal mortality as an example.

Background: Within-sibship analyses show lower perinatal mortality after assisted reproductive technology (ART) compared with natural conception (NC), a finding that appears biologically unlikely. We investigated whether this may be attributed to bias from selective fertility and carryover effects.

Methods: Using data from national registries in Denmark (1994-2014), Finland (1990-2014) and Norway and Sweden (1988-2015), we studied 5 722 826 singleton pregnancies, including 119 900 ART-conceived and 37 590 exposure-discordant sibships.

Risk of stillbirth and neonatal death in singletons born after fresh and frozen embryo transfer: cohort study from the Committee of Nordic Assisted Reproduction Technology and Safety.

Objectives: To investigate whether risks of stillbirth and neonatal death differ after fresh embryo transfers (fresh-ETs) and frozen embryo transfers (frozen-ETs) compared with singletons conceived without medical assistance.

Design: A population-based cohort study.

Setting: Not applicable.

Risk of ovarian cancer in women who give birth after assisted reproductive technology (ART)-a registry-based Nordic cohort study with follow-up from first pregnancy.

Background: There is concern that assisted reproductive technology (ART) may increase ovarian cancer risk, but previous studies are inconclusive. We compared ovarian cancer risk for women who gave birth after ART vs natural conception.

Methods: Through linkage of nationwide registry data, we followed 3,303,880 initially nulliparous women in Denmark (1994-2014), Finland (1990-2014), Norway (1984-2015) and Sweden (1985-2015) from first pregnancy ≥22 weeks to ovarian cancer, emigration, death or end of follow-up (2014/2015).

Monitoring the Awake and Anesthetized Unconscious States Using Bispectral Index and Electroencephalographic Connectivity Measures.

Our objective was to compare three electroencephalography (EEG)-based methods with anesthesiologist clinical judgment of the awake and anesthetized unconscious states. EEG recorded from 25 channels and from four channel bilateral Bispectral index (BIS) electrodes were collected from 20 patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia. To measure connectivity we applied Directed Transfer Function (DTF) in eight channels of the EEG, and extracted data from BIS over the same time segments.

Risk of Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy After Fresh and Frozen Embryo Transfer in Assisted Reproduction: A Population-Based Cohort Study With Within-Sibship Analysis.

Background: Frozen embryo transfer (frozen-ET) is increasingly common because of improved cryopreservation methods and elective freezing of all embryos. Frozen-ET is associated with higher risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy than both natural conception and fresh embryo transfer (fresh-ET), but whether this is attributable to parental factors or treatment is unknown.

Methods: Using the Medical Birth Registries of Denmark (1994-2014), Norway, and Sweden (1988-2015), linked to data from national quality registries and databases on assisted reproduction, we designed a population-based cohort study with within-sibship comparison.

Cancer in children born after frozen-thawed embryo transfer: A cohort study.

Background: The aim was to investigate whether children born after assisted reproduction technology (ART), particularly after frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), are at higher risk of childhood cancer than children born after fresh embryo transfer and spontaneous conception.

Methods And Findings: We performed a registry-based cohort study using data from the 4 Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. The study included 7,944,248 children, out of whom 171,774 children were born after use of ART (2.

Puberty disorders among ART-conceived singletons: a Nordic register study from the CoNARTaS group.

Study Question: Do ART-conceived children have an increased risk for puberty disorders?

Summary Answer: Both ART-conceived boys and girls had a higher risk of puberty disorders; early puberty was more common among girls and late puberty among boys.

What Is Known Already: Some physiological differences in growth and metabolism have been reported for ART-conceived children compared to non-ART-conceived children. Knowledge on pubertal development and disorders in ART-conceived children is limited.

Obstetric and perinatal risks after the use of donor sperm: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Donor sperm is widely used in infertility treatments. The purpose of the study was to investigate, whether use of donor sperm in intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments affect maternal and perinatal risks compared with spontaneously conceived pregnancies or use of partner sperm in IUI, IVF or ICSI. We provide a systematic review and meta-analyses on the most clinically relevant obstetric and perinatal outcomes after use of donor sperm compared with partner sperm: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preeclampsia, low birth weight, and preterm birth.

The neurodevelopmental morbidity of children born after assisted reproductive technology: a Nordic register study from the Committee of Nordic Assisted Reproductive Technology and Safety group.

Objective: To assess the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in singletons born after the use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) compared with singletons born without the use of ART.

Design: Nordic register-based study.

Setting: Cross-linked data from Medical Birth Registers and National ART and Patient Registers; liveborn singletons in 1995-2014 in Denmark and Finland, 2005-2015 in Norway, and 1995-2015 in Sweden with follow-up to 2014 (Denmark and Finland) or 2015 (Norway and Sweden).

Brain monitoring in hospitals needs to be strengthened.

Careful brain monitoring saves lives and is beneficial to patients' health. Nevertheless, Norway lacks guidelines for brain monitoring in hospitals.