The UEMS experience in continuous medical education accreditation process: a 'quo vadis' analysis of our global database.

Background: The authors systematically appraise a large database of continuous professional development (CPD) and continuous medical education (CME) events against the European Accreditation Council for Continuous Medical Education (EACCME) framework.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective observational study of all CPD or CME events within the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS) database between 2017 and 2019, including 91 countries and 6034 events. Assessment of event design, quality and outcomes was evaluated against a validated, expert-derived accreditation framework, using thematic analysis to extract distinct themes, and subsequent quantitative analysis.

[The obligation to provide medical assistance, and the employee's right to refrain from performing work in conditions not complying with occupational health and safety regulations and lacking personal protective equipment - dilemmas during the COVID-19 epidemic].

Background: With the emergence of an extraordinary situation in Poland related to the state of the COVID-19 epidemic, the question returned in the public debate whether in conditions that violate occupational health and safety, lack personal protective equipment the medical staff has the right to refrain from performing work. The National Labor Inspector clearly indicated that refraining from work does not apply to an employee whose employee's duty is to save lives or property. The aim of the article is to analyze the premises of art.

Comparison of criteria for elective tracheostomy in head and neck cancer surgery.

Objectives: Elective tracheostomy before resection of a malignancy in head and neck region assures unobstructed ventilation during postoperative period but is associated with an increased risk of complications. We aimed to evaluate retrospectively, how application of elective tracheostomy scales would influence frequency of tracheostomy in comparison with preoperative clinical judgement.

Methods: In 205 patients operated from 2013 till 2017 resection of a malignancy involved suprahyoid or pharyngeal muscles, neck dissection and flap reconstruction.

Medical grounds for suspending the professional licence of physicians and dentists by Regional Medical Councils between 1990 and 2014.

Objectives: The professions of physician and dentist are associated with multiple health risks. The aim of this study was to identify the medical conditions that caused limitation or suspension of the professional license of Polish physicians and dentists, and to assess their return to professional activities.

Methods: We analyzed documentation of Regional Medical Registers concerning the procedure for suspending medical licences or limiting certain medical activities, and decisions of Regional Medical Councils in 1990-2014.

Gait changes in patients after reconstruction of facial bones with fibula and iliac crest free vascularized flaps.

Purpose: Patients with malignant tumours of the oral cavity require its surgical removal and reconstruction of the bone and soft tissues. The grafts are obtained either from leg (fibula) or pelvis (iliac crest). The removal of grafts from the locomotor apparatus can impair the gait.

Surgical Techniques for Closure of a Scalp Defect After Resection of Skin Malignancy.

Background: Surgery for scalp malignancies is aimed at the complete resection and a good aesthetic outcome. The goal was to develop an algorithm for scalp reconstruction based on the authors' surgical experience.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 123 procedures of scalp malignancies in 105 patients.

Vasculature of a Medial Femoral Condyle Free Flap in Intact and Osteotomized Flaps.

Background: A small size and difficulties with shaping a medial femoral condyle corticocancellous bone flap are factors limiting its use. The goal of this study was to evaluate range of vascular supply to a medial femoral condyle corticocancellous bone flap to determine whether harvesting of larger flaps and performing a flap osteotomy would compromise the vasculature of a flap's bone.

Methods: Twenty-four limbs were dissected and medial femoral condyle corticocancellous bone flaps were harvested with skin paddles.

Mutational Analysis of Recurrent Meningioma Progressing From Atypical to Rhabdoid Subtype.

Background: Rhabdoid meningioma is rare aggressive meningioma histological subtype that develops predominantly through progression from less malignant tumors. Owing to its low incidence, this tumor's biological background is unknown. The aim of this study was to profile somatic mutations in 4 meningioma samples from the same patient, derived previously from 4 subsequent tumor resections.

Hypofractionated accelerated radiotherapy in T1-3 N0 cancer of the larynx: A prospective cohort study with historical controls.

Aim: The goal of this prospective study was to assess the effectiveness of a hypofractionated accelerated regime in treatment of the larynx cancer.

Background: Multiple radiotherapy delivery regimes are used for treatment of the larynx cancer. Hypofractionated regimes could provide similar results with reduced use of radiotherapy facilities.

Institution of the health care agent in Polish legislation: position of the Polish Working Group on End-of-Life Ethics.

INTRODUCTION In numerous countries legislation has been put in place allowing citizens to appoint persons authorized to make medical decisions on their behalf, should the principal lose such decision‑making capacity. OBJECTIVES The paper aimed to prepare a draft proposal of legal regulations introducing into Polish legislation the institution of the health care agent. PATIENTS AND METHODS The draft proposal has been grounded in 6 expertise workshops, in conjunction with several online debates.

[Etiology of infection associated with neoplastic changes of organs in the head and neck in patients hospitalized in the Oncology Centre in Warsaw].

Introductions: According to clinical observations primary neoplastic lesions in the head and neck are often complicated by infection. The incidence of postoperative complications of cancer lesions of the head and neck, oral cavity, upper airways or larynx is from 19% up to 47% cases but in extensive and long-term operations can reach 80%.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated results of microbiological investigations of 312 clinical specimens collected from patients from Clinical Head and Neck Cancers of On- cology Center in Warsaw in the years 2008 -2012.

Tissue response after implantation of pure titanium and bioresorbable screws in scapula with postoperative irradiation: an experimental study on rats.

Objective: The study focuses on the comparison of tissue reaction to titanium and bioresorbable implants with and without postoperative irradiation on an animal model.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-nine LEW/W rats were randomly assigned to experimental or control groups. One titanium and one bioresorbable screw (poly-L-lactide [PLLA] and L- and D-lactide poly-L/D-lactide [PDLLA]) were implanted into the left scapulas of 24 rats.

Follow-up in patients treated for head and neck cancer.

Principles of follow-up management in patients treated for head and neck tumors are not very strictly defined, and practice varies between countries, centers, and specialists. Details of follow-up procedures, including timing of outpatient visits and diagnostic imaging, are specific for tumor types and localizations but also depend on treatment modalities used, availability of diagnostic procedures, and socioeconomic factors. The authors describe general principles of follow-up in head and neck cancer patients.

Leiomyosarcoma of the external ear--case report.

In head and neck region leiomyosarcoma is a very rare finding. This tumor is usually located in abdominal cavity. We report a case of 78-year-old man with tumor of the auricle that was resected with 0.

Contamination of the surgical field in head and neck oncologic surgery.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the timing and type of surgical field contamination in 50 consecutive resections for advanced head and neck cancer with same-stage tissue reconstruction and to analyze the relationship between contamination and the surgical site infection.

Methods: Swabs from the surgical field and from surgical drapes close to the field were taken every 2 hours (at 0 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours) and sent for a standard microbiological diagnostic procedure. Results were recorded in Microsoft Excel and analyzed with SPSS.

Quiz. Correct answer to the quiz. Check your diagnosis. Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the orbit: two cases and a brief review of the literature.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MChS) is a rare, high-grade malignant tumor which occurs both in the bone and soft tissue. The extraskeletal location comprises one third of all MChS and in review of the up-to-date literature, about 30 cases of the orbital involvement were found. The authors present clinical, radiological and pathological findings of two cases of MChS of the orbit occurring in young adult females: primary extraskeletal MChS of the orbit and skeletal MChS of the ethmomaxillary complex with secondary orbit involvement.

[Anatomy and surgical approaches to the parapharyngeal space].

Purpose: Analysis of surgical approaches to primary tumors localized in parapharyngeal space used in Head & Neck Cancer Department, Cancer Center Institute in Warsaw. Description of differences in terminology used to describe fascial compartments of the neck.

Material And Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records of 8 selected patients who had an operation for primary parapharyngeal space neoplasm.

Perioperative problems and treatment of a teenager with a juvenile angiofibroma refusing blood transfusion.

Objectives: Juvenile angiofibroma is a benign, non-encapsulated neoplasm, consisting of vascular and connective tissue. Its main feature is a local malignancy. In its clinical course it destroys adjoining structures, without metastasizing.

[Can we get rid of hospital infections in head and neck surgery?].

Infection rate registered on the basis of clinical symptoms and of microbiological forms in patients treated in Surgery Division, Head & Neck Cancer Department during 2001-2003, was analyzed. Total number of patients treated was 2343. In 664 preoperative microbiological cultures have been obtained from suspected areas and in 52.

[Cancer in branchiogenic cyst--primary focus or metastasis?].

The authors report the case of 68 year old male operated upon for the branchial cyst of the neck. Histopathological examination showed carcinoma in the wall of the cyst. Ipsilateral tonsillectomy was done and pathology revealed primary focus in the palatine tonsil.

[Skull base surgery techniques in the treatment of pituitary adenomas].

The giant pituitary adenoma surgery remains a real challenge to any neurosurgeon. Despite an extensive development of transsphenoidal techniques, open craniotomy procedures still are required in 5-10% of all cases with pituitary adenoma. The skull base surgery techniques not only allow to minimize the surgery-related trauma of the brain, but also improve the access to the operating field.