Effects of the amendment with almond shell, bio-waste and almond shell-based biochar on the quality of saline-alkali soils.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the amendment with almond shell bio-waste (AS) and almond shell-based biochar (ASB), in different mass ratios (5, 10, and 15%), on the physicochemical properties of three different saline soils, using the growth of arugula seedlings as a bioindicator of the enhancement achieved. Data were analyzed based on a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement with four replications. The results showed that the low-salinity soil (T1) presented the best physicochemical characteristics and growth parameters.

Effects of prolonged elevated temperature on leaf gas exchange and other leaf traits in young olive trees.

Despite the economic importance of long-lived crop species in the Mediterranean Basin and their expansion to new warmer regions, their potential responses to prolonged temperature increases have not been adequately addressed. The objectives of this study were to: (i) assess leaf gas exchange responses to prolonged elevated temperature in young olive trees; (ii) evaluate some additional leaf traits such as stomatal density and size under these same conditions; and (iii) determine whether photosynthetic acclimation to temperature was apparent. A field experiment with two temperature levels was conducted using well-irrigated, potted olive trees (cvs.