Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: The association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and glucose metabolism remains controversial. This study investigates the relationship between OSA and incident type 2 diabetes (DM) and prediabetes (preDM), as well as the effect of long-term CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) treatment.

Methods: Follow-up study in a retrospective clinical cohort of patients with OSA and randomly selected controls.

Diabetes and obstructive sleep apnoea: A case-control study.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are very prevalent diseases frequently associated. Their coexistence is independently associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities. As this association is underdiagnosed, it is necessary to optimise clinical suspicion by studying independent predictors of DM or prediabetes (preDM) in patients with OSA.

Advances in inhaled antibiotics for management of respiratory tract infections.

Purpose Of Review: The incidence of bacterial respiratory tract infections is growing. In a context of increasing antibiotic resistance and lack of new classes of antibiotics, inhaled antibiotics emerge as a promising therapeutic strategy. Although they are generally used for cystic fibrosis, their use in other conditions is becoming more frequent, including no-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, pneumonia and mycobacterial infections.

Cost-Effectiveness of a New Outpatient Pulmonology Care Model Based on Physician-to-Physician Electronic Consultation.

Introduction: This study assesses the impact of an electronic physician-to-physician consultation program on the waiting list and the costs of a Pulmonology Unit.

Materials And Methods: A prepost intervention study was conducted after a new ambulatory pulmonary care protocol was implemented and the capacity of the unit was adopted. In the new model, physicians at all levels of healthcare send electronic consultations to specialists.

Sarcoidosis. Disease progression based on radiological and functional course: Predictive factors.

Background: Sarcoidosis is a multiorgan granulomatous disease with a variable course.

Oobjectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the patients that are more likely to experience disease progression.

Methods: A retrospective study in patients ≥18 years.

Health outcomes: Towards the accreditation of respiratory medicine departments.

National health systems must ensure compliance with conditions such as equity, efficiency, quality, and transparency. Since it is the right of society to know the health outcomes of its healthcare system, our aim was to develop a proposal for the accreditation of respiratory medicine departments in terms of care, teaching, and research, measuring health outcomes using quality of care indicators. The management tools proposed in this article should be implemented to improve outcomes and help us achieve our objectives.

Effect of high low dose of dexamethasone on clinical worsening in patients hospitalised with moderate or severe COVID-19 pneumonia: an open-label, randomised clinical trial.

Background: Low-dose dexamethasone demonstrated clinical improvement in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) needing oxygen therapy; however, evidence on the efficacy of high-dose dexamethasone is limited.

Methods: We performed a randomised, open-label, controlled trial involving hospitalised patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia needing oxygen therapy. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive low-dose dexamethasone (6 mg once daily for 10 days) or high-dose dexamethasone (20 mg once daily for 5 days, followed by 10 mg once daily for an additional 5 days).

Evaluation of the impact of an integrated care pathway for pulmonary embolism: a quasi-experimental pre-post study.

Background: An integrated care pathway (ICP) is intended to improve the management of prevalent resource-consuming, life-threatening diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the quality of patient care improved with the establishment of a dedicated unit for pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-post study (pre: years 2010-2013; post: 2015-2020; year 2014, "washing" period) of PE patients ≥18 years (January 2010-June 2020).

Health Outcomes: Towards the Accreditation of Respiratory Medicine Departments.

National health systems must ensure compliance with conditions such as equity, efficiency, quality, and transparency. Since it is the right of society to know the health outcomes of its healthcare system, our aim was to develop a proposal for the accreditation of respiratory medicine departments in terms of care, teaching, and research, measuring health outcomes using quality of care indicators. The management tools proposed in this article should be implemented to improve outcomes and help us achieve our objectives.

Impact of sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome on diabetic neuropathy. A systematic review.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus and sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome appear to be related, but it is not well defined whether there is an increased risk of peripheral neuropathy in patients with both diseases. For this reason, we conducted a systematic review.

Methods: Bibliographic search in 3 electronic databases using a predefined strategy and the PRISMA methodology.

Influenza A H1N1 Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Characteristics and Risk Factors-A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Influenza A H1N1 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a quite frequent respiratory disease. Despite being considered more serious than other CAPs, there are very few studies comparing its characteristics with noninfluenza CAP. We aim to establish the differences between pneumonia due to H1N1 virus and pneumonia not caused by H1N1 influenza virus and to determine the probability that a pneumonia is due to an H1N1 virus infection based on the most relevant variables.

Factors Influencing Hospital Stay for Pulmonary Embolism. A Cohort Study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing hospital stay due to pulmonary embolism.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized between 2010 and 2015. Patients were identified using information recorded in hospital discharge reports (ICD-9-CM codes 415.