Cryolipolysis (CLL) for Reduction of Localized Subcutaneous Fat: Review of the Literature and an Evidence-Based Analysis.

Introduction: In recent years, cryolipolysis (CLL), a noninvasive approach based upon the inherent sensitivity of adipocytes to cold injury, has emerged. However, it is not clear whether available evidence to date about its efficacy justifies aggressive marketing and extensive widespread application by many practitioners without well-defined indications or objectives of treatment. The current review is intended to evaluate available evidence regarding CLL mechanisms of action and its efficacy not only in fat reducing but also in its ability to result in an aesthetically optimal outcome.

Simultaneous Augmentation Mastopexy: An Innovative Anatomical Approach-The Fascioglandular Flap for Improved Lower Pole Support.

Simultaneous breast augmentation and mastopexy is very challenging often considered to be one of the most difficult cosmetic breast surgeries. Although a patient is sometimes better served with 2 separately staged procedures, the demand for single-stage combined augmentation mastopexy is increasing associated with increasing demands for larger implants. Combining these 2 operations presents special problems because of the interplay of opposing forces.

Facial nerve in rhytidoplasty: anatomic study of its trajectory in the overlying skin and the most common sites of injury.

The anatomic study of the facial nerve is closely related to the prevention of nerve injury that may occur in facial surgeries. The purpose of this study is to analyze the most susceptible areas in the face regarding the probability of facial nerve injury, based on the demarcation of its trajectory in the overlying skin. Three hundred cadaveric hemifaces were dissected (172 male, 128 female) and the facial nerve trajectory was followed from the stylomastoids foramen to the mimic muscles.