[Operative isolated chemohyperthermal perfusion of the lung with ablation of pulmonary metastases].

The authors have got their first experience with chemohyperthermal perfusion of the lung in 4 patients. The method and technique of the operation of ablation of metastases in the lungs with preliminary chemohyperthermal perfusion are described. All the patients survived the operative interventions.

The adaptive effects of hypoxic preconditioning of brain neurons.

Prophylactic transient hypoxia (preconditioning) increased neuron resistance to subsequent induction of severe hypoxia. Published data and results obtained by the authors on the molecular-cellular mechanisms of hypoxic preconditioning are presented. The roles of intracellular signal transduction, genome function, stress proteins, and neuromodulatory peptides in this process are discussed.

Preconditioning hypobaric hypoxia prevents anoxia-induced inhibition of generation of focal potentials in slices of olfactory cortex from rat brain.

We studied the effect of in vivo exposure to hypobaric hypoxia of different depth on the resistance of neurons in brain slices to 10-min anoxia in vitro. Severe hypoxia simulating ascent to 11,000 m above sea level potentiated the adverse effect of 10-min anoxia and caused profound suppression of synaptic transmission. Moderate preconditioning hypoxia simulating ascent to 5000 m above sea level produced a long-lasting protective effect on synaptic activity.

[Adaptive effects of hypoxic preconditioning in brain neurons].

A preventive short-term hypoxia (preconditioning) increases neuronal resistance against subsequent strong hypoxic effects. Literature review and authors' own data on molecular-cellular mechanisms of the hypoxic preconditioning, are presented. Participation of intracellular signal transduction, genome, stress-proteins, and neuromodulating peptides in this process, is discussed.

[Effect of fractions of the cerebrospinal fluid from patients with drug dependence on basic electrophysiological characteristics of the rat olfactory cortex slices].

Heroin addicts at the initial stage of abstinence syndrome were subjected to detoxication by liquorosorption technique. The fractions of their cerebrospinal fluid obtained by the thin layer chromatography technique were analyzed. The substances extracted from the cerebrospinal fluid of drug addicts, presumably peptides, negatively affected the conductive function and synaptic transmission in surviving slices of the olfactory cortex of rats.

[Involvement of glutamate receptors (NMDA type) in reaction of brain neurons to anoxia of different duration].

The participation of NMDA receptors in the changes caused by evoked EPSPs in the activity of calcium and phophoinositide intracellular regulatory systems (ICRS) bioelectric activity (evoked EPSPs) and in cell production of polypeptides was studied in rat olfactory cortical slices exposed to short-term anoxia (STA) and long-term anoxia (LTA). To determine NMDA receptor involvement in these functional and metabolic reactions, the slices were treated with the antagonists APV and MK-801 during anoxia of different duration (STA and LTA being 2 and 10 min, respectively) and subsequent reoxygenation. EPSPs were recorded extracellularly in response to lateral olfactory tract stimulation.

The modulating effects of various muscle factors on the function of motor nerve terminals.

Studies reported here showed that the incubation medium used for frog muscle contains factors able to modulate the secretion of mediator from motor nerve terminals, with increases in release from low-efficiency synapses and decreases in release from high-efficiency synapses. Both the stimulatory and the inhibitory effects of the incubation medium are mediated by the corresponding changes in the number of available mediator quanta stored. Factors with stimulatory presynaptic actions were present mainly in the low-molecular-weight (<10 kDal) fraction of the incubation medium.

[Modulatory effects of various factors of muscular origin on the function of the motor nerve endings].

Muscle incubate was shown to contain factors capable to increase the transmitter release in low-effective synapses and decrease it in high-effective those, dueto activation and inhibition, respectively, of the processes governing formation of available store of the transmitter. Activatiory effect of the low-molecular fraction on the low-effective synapses was correlated with the concentration of histidine-containing substances in this fraction.

[Biochemical characteristics of a muscle perfusate and its effects on mediator release in the neuromuscular synapse].

Histidine-containing compounds (HCC) were found, using diazoreaction and reaction with diethylpyrocarbonate, a specific histidine reagent, in the perfusate of the frog hindlimb vasculature. After gel filtration on sephadex G-25 about 80% of HCC were eluted with a fraction with molecular mass less than 5000 kD. The studies of the perfusate influence on the characteristics of quantum secretion of transmitter in the preparation of frog cutaneopectoral muscle have shown that the perfusate increased the quantum content of end-plate potentials (EPP) due to increasing binominal parameter and decreasing frequency of miniature EPP.