Poststroke Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Recurrent Stroke in Patients With Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerosis.

Background And Purpose: Cognitive impairment occurs in 20%-40% of stroke patients and is a predictor of long-term morbidity and mortality. In this study, we aim to determine the association between poststroke cognitive impairment and stroke recurrence risk, in patients with anterior versus posterior circulation intracranial stenosis.

Methods: This is a post-hoc analysis of the Stenting and Aggressive Medical Therapy for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Intracranial Stenosis (SAMMPRIS) trial.

Efficacy and predictors of recovery of function after eye movement training in 296 hemianopic patients.

Compensatory approaches to rehabilitation of vision loss as a result of brain injury are aimed at improving the efficacy of eye movements, enabling patients to bring the otherwise unseen stimuli into their sighted field. Eye movement training has shown promise in a large number of studies in small clinical populations. Nevertheless, there remain two problems; standardisation and wide accessibility.

Catastrophic Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Always Consider Meckel's Diverticulum.

Unlabelled: Meckel's diverticulum, a congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal tract, is asymptomatic in the majority of patients but can be associated with some complications. Gastrointestinal bleeding is one such complication and is more common in children than in adults. Despite the variety of examinations available, diagnosis can be difficult, especially in older patients, because the sensitivity of examinations decreases with patient age.

Introduction to the special section on prevention science: From generic rules to differential adaptations.

Prevention science as an interdisciplinary specialty is addressed in this introduction to the special section of the journal. The six papers that comprise the special section are briefly summarised, especially noting the global regions that are represented, that is, Europe, Middle East, New Zealand and South America. Attention to the importance of differential adaptations of prevention interventions developed in one region, country or locale but implemented in another is emphasised.

Discovery of Pyrazolocarboxamides as Potent and Selective Receptor Interacting Protein 2 (RIP2) Kinase Inhibitors.

Herein we report the discovery of pyrazolocarboxamides as novel, potent, and kinase selective inhibitors of receptor interacting protein 2 kinase (RIP2). Fragment based screening and design principles led to the identification of the inhibitor series, and X-ray crystallography was used to inform key structural changes. Through key substitutions about the N1 and C5 N positions on the pyrazole ring significant kinase selectivity and potency were achieved.

Gender Differences in Program Factors Important to Applicants When Evaluating Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Programs.

Background: Despite specialty-driven efforts to improve diversity in the field, few women apply to orthopaedic residency, and women are unevenly distributed among programs. There is little evidence-based information on factors that may attract female applicants.

Objective: This study aims to identify factors important to applicants when evaluating orthopaedic residency programs and to identify gender-specific differences.

Race-Ethnic Disparities in 30-Day Readmission After Stroke Among Medicare Beneficiaries in the Florida Stroke Registry.

Objective: To examine racial/ethnic disparities in 30-day all-cause readmission after stroke.

Methods: Thirty-day all-cause readmission was compared by race/ethnicity among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries discharged for ischemic stroke from hospitals in the Florida Stroke Registry from 2010 to 2013. We fit a Cox proportional hazards model that censored for death and adjusted for age, sex, length of stay, discharge home, and comorbidities to assess racial/ethnic differences in readmission.

An Exploration of Myths, Barriers, and Strategies for Improving Diversity Among STS Members.

Diversity within health care organizations has many proven benefits, yet women and other groups remain underrepresented in cardiothoracic surgery. We sought to explore responses from a Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) survey to identify myths and barriers for informing organizational strategies in the STS and cardiothoracic surgery. We performed a qualitative review of narrative survey responses within three domains surrounding diversity in cardiothoracic surgery: myths, barriers, and strategies for improvement.

Regionalization of Congenital Heart Surgery in the United States.

The objective of this study is to simulate regionalization of congenital heart surgery (CHS) in the United States and assess the impact of such a system on travel distance and mortality. Patients ≤18 years of age who underwent CHS were identified in 2012 State Inpatient Databases. Operations were stratified by the Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery, version 1 (RACHS-1) method, with high risk defined as RACHS-1 levels 4-6.

The Mild and Rapidly Improving Stroke Study (MaRISS): Rationale and design.

Rationale: Although mild and rapidly improving stroke symptoms are the most common first stroke presentation, this group has been understudied in acute stroke trials. Observational and retrospective studies suggest residual disability in one third of patients.

Aims: To elucidate long-term outcomes of patients with mild and rapidly improving stroke, evaluate the predictors of outcome, and examine the association with alteplase treatment.

Early and Midterm Outcomes in High-risk Single-ventricle Patients: Hybrid Vs Norwood Palliation.

Background: Although overall outcomes have improved for single-ventricle patients, substantial morbidity and mortality remain for certain high-risk groups. The hybrid stage I procedure is an alternative to the Norwood operation for stage I palliation, but it remains unclear whether it is associated with improved outcomes in high-risk patients.

Methods: This single-center, nested, case-control study included high-risk patients with a systemic right ventricle who underwent hybrid stage I or Norwood palliation from January 2000 to December 2016.

Antithrombotic Therapy to Prevent Recurrent Strokes in Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease: JACC Scientific Expert Panel.

Stroke survivors carry a high risk of recurrence. Antithrombotic medications are paramount for secondary prevention and thus crucial to reduce the overall stroke burden. Appropriate antithrombotic agent selection should be based on the best understanding of the physiopathological mechanism that led to the initial ischemic injury.

Patterns and Outcomes of Endovascular Therapy in Mild Stroke.

Background and Purpose- We aimed to evaluate the current practice patterns, safety and outcomes of patients who receive endovascular therapy (EVT) having mild neurological symptoms. Methods- From Jan 2010 to Jan 2018, 127,794 ischemic stroke patients were enrolled in the Florida-Puerto Rico Stroke Registry. Patients presenting within 24 hours of symptoms who received EVT were classified into mild (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] ≤5) or moderate/severe (NIHSS>5) categories.

Prevention of Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Stenting.

Background and Purpose- The optimal antithrombotic strategy to balance thromboembolic and bleeding events, especially acute stroke, for patients with atrial fibrillation following coronary stenting remains a matter of debate. We conducted a network meta-analysis to identify the antithrombotic regimen associated with the lowest rate of bleeding and thromboembolic events in atrial fibrillation after coronary stenting. Methods- PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central were searched for randomized controlled trials and observational studies of patients with atrial fibrillation after coronary stenting.

Type of admission and nursing workload of critical patients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: According to the perception of nurses in the intensive care unit (ICU), surgical patients need more nursing care, thus requiring higher nursing workloads for these patients than those admitted as clinical patients. However, some study results on the relationship between the type of admission and the nursing workload are considered contradictory.

Aims And Objectives: To identify if the type of admission (clinical, emergency surgery or elective surgery) is a predictive factor of the nursing workload required by patients on the first day or throughout their stay in the ICU.

Discovery of a First-in-Class Receptor Interacting Protein 2 (RIP2) Kinase Specific Clinical Candidate, 2-((4-(Benzo[]thiazol-5-ylamino)-6-(-butylsulfonyl)quinazolin-7-yl)oxy)ethyl Dihydrogen Phosphate, for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases.

RIP2 kinase has been identified as a key signal transduction partner in the NOD2 pathway contributing to a variety of human pathologies, including immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Small-molecule inhibitors of RIP2 kinase or its signaling partners on the NOD2 pathway that are suitable for advancement into the clinic have yet to be described. Herein, we report our discovery and profile of the prodrug clinical compound, inhibitor , currently in phase 1 clinical studies.

A Decade of Translational Bioinformatics: A Retrospective Analysis of "Year-in-Review" Presentations.

For the past 11 years, the year-in-review (YIR) keynote presentation at the AMIA Informatics summit has been a perennial highlight. We hypothesized that the presented material from these keynotes could be used to assess both the recent trajectory of topics in informatics-especially translational bioinformatics (TBI)-as well as the scientific merit of the crowd-sourced process used to nominate, review, and select the papers presented at the YIR. We compare YIR articles to a background set of non-YIR articles from informatics journals using structured metadata and qualitative thematic analysis, paying specific attention to trends and popularity over time.

Author Correction: Design of amidobenzimidazole STING receptor agonists with systemic activity.

Change history: In this Letter, author Ana Puhl was inadvertently omitted; this error has been corrected online.An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Informatics and Computational Methods in Natural Product Drug Discovery: A Review and Perspectives.

The discovery of new pharmaceutical drugs is one of the preeminent tasks-scientifically, economically, and socially-in biomedical research. Advances in informatics and computational biology have increased productivity at many stages of the drug discovery pipeline. Nevertheless, drug discovery has slowed, largely due to the reliance on small molecules as the primary source of novel hypotheses.

Case Series Regarding Parastomal Variceal Bleeding: Presentation and Management.

Parastomal variceal bleeding (PVB) is a serious complication occurring in up to 27% of patients with an ostomy and concurrent cirrhosis and portal hypertension. The management of PVB is difficult and there are no clear guidelines on this matter. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), sclerotherapy, and /or coil embolization are all therapies that have been shown to successfully manage PVB.

Disparities and Temporal Trends in the Use of Anticoagulation in Patients With Ischemic Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation.

Background and Purpose- Ischemic stroke (IS) secondary to atrial fibrillation (AF) is largely preventable with the use of anticoagulation. We sought to identify race-ethnicity and sex disparities with the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), aspirin, and warfarin in IS patients with AF and to identify temporal trends in the utilization of these medications. Methods- The FLiPER-AF Stroke Study (Florida Puerto Rico Atrial Fibrillation) included 24 040 IS cases enrolled in the Florida-Puerto Rico Collaboration to Reduce Stroke Registry from 2010 to 2016.