Facilitators of and barriers to gastric cancer and precursor diagnosis among South Texas residents: Social determinants of health.

Background: Latinos/Hispanics are at higher risk for developing gastric cancer (GC) compared with non-Hispanic whites, and social determinants of health (SDoH) are thought to contribute.

Aims/materials And Methods: This study addressed SDoH and their interactions contributing to disparities in the testing and treatment of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and diagnosis of GC and its known precursors, among Latinos/Hispanics relative to non-Latinos at two affiliated but independent health systems in San Antonio, Texas, using a mixed methods approach.

Results: Secondary data abstraction and analysis showed that GCs represented 2.

A pilot study to investigate the safety and feasibility of antiretroviral therapy for Alzheimer's disease (ART-AD).

Retrotransposons are viral-like DNA sequences that constitute approximately 41% of the human genome. Studies in mice, cultured cells, and human brain indicate that retrotransposons are activated in settings of tauopathy, including Alzheimer's disease, and causally drive neurodegeneration. The anti-retroviral medication 3TC (lamivudine), a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor, limits retrotransposon activation and suppresses neurodegeneration in tau transgenic two mouse models of tauopathy, and in brain assembloids derived from patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease.

Psychometric properties of the self-efficacy scale for chronic disease management (SEMCD-S) in older Colombian adults.

Background: Self-efficacy alludes to personal competence in an individual's effectiveness when facing stressful situations. This construct has been related to different domains of the health field, finding that high levels of self-efficacy benefit human functioning and enhance well-being.

Methods: The present study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the self-efficacy scale for managing chronic diseases (SEMCD-S) by assessing factorial, convergent and divergent validity, reliability, and measurement invariance.

BAFF system expression in double negative 2, activated naïve and activated memory B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Introduction: B cell activating factor (BAFF) has an important role in normal B cell development. The aberrant expression of BAFF is related with the autoimmune diseases development like Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) for promoting self-reactive B cells survival. BAFF functions are exerted through its receptors BAFF-R (BR3), transmembrane activator calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) and B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) that are reported to have differential expression on B cells in SLE.

PTEN deficiency exposes a requirement for an ARF GTPase module for integrin-dependent invasion in ovarian cancer.

Dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway is a common occurrence in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), with the loss of the tumour suppressor PTEN in HGSOC being associated with poor prognosis. The cellular mechanisms of how PTEN loss contributes to HGSOC are largely unknown. We here utilise time-lapse imaging of HGSOC spheroids coupled to a machine learning approach to classify the phenotype of PTEN loss.

The small GTPase ARF3 controls invasion modality and metastasis by regulating N-cadherin levels.

ARF GTPases are central regulators of membrane trafficking that control local membrane identity and remodeling facilitating vesicle formation. Unraveling their function is complicated by the overlapping association of ARFs with guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), and numerous interactors. Through a functional genomic screen of three-dimensional (3D) prostate cancer cell behavior, we explore the contribution of ARF GTPases, GEFs, GAPs, and interactors to collective invasion.

Spatial regulation of the glycocalyx component podocalyxin is a switch for prometastatic function.

The glycocalyx component and sialomucin podocalyxin (PODXL) is required for normal tissue development by promoting apical membranes to form between cells, triggering lumen formation. Elevated PODXL expression is also associated with metastasis and poor clinical outcome in multiple tumor types. How PODXL presents this duality in effect remains unknown.

Altered and mRNA Expression Is Associated with Disease Activity and Renal Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with very heterogeneous clinical behavior between affected individuals. Therefore, the search for biomarkers clinically useful for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of the disease is necessary. Here, we determined the association between , , , and mRNA expression with the clinical characteristics and with the serum levels of IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-17 in SLE patients.

miR-23b-3p, miR-124-3p and miR-218-5p Synergistic or Additive Effects on Cellular Processes That Modulate Cervical Cancer Progression? A Molecular Balance That Needs Attention.

In cervical cancer (CC), miR-23b-3p, miR-124-3p, and miR-218-5p have been found to act as tumor suppressors by regulating cellular processes related to progression and metastasis. The objective of the present review is to provide an update on the experimental evidence about the role of miR-23b-3p, miR-124-3p, and miR-218-5p in the regulation of CC progression. Additionally, we present the results of a bioinformatic analysis that suggest that these miRNAs have a somewhat redundant role in the same cellular processes that may result in a synergistic effect to promote CC progression.

Traject3d allows label-free identification of distinct co-occurring phenotypes within 3D culture by live imaging.

Single cell profiling by genetic, proteomic and imaging methods has expanded the ability to identify programmes regulating distinct cell states. The 3-dimensional (3D) culture of cells or tissue fragments provides a system to study how such states contribute to multicellular morphogenesis. Whether cells plated into 3D cultures give rise to a singular phenotype or whether multiple biologically distinct phenotypes arise in parallel is largely unknown due to a lack of tools to detect such heterogeneity.

Examining the Delivery of a Tailored Chinese Mind-Body Exercise to Low-Income Community-Dwelling Older Latino Individuals for Healthy Aging: Feasibility and Acceptability Study.

Background: Older Latino individuals are disproportionally affected by various chronic conditions including impairments in physical and cognitive functions, which are essential for healthy aging and independent living.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of FITxOlder, a 12-week mind-body exercise program, in community-dwelling low-income, predominantly older Latino individuals, and assess its preliminary effects on health parameters relevant to healthy aging and independent living.

Methods: This 12-week, single-arm, stage 1B feasibility study had a pre- and poststudy design.

In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Induces the Secretion of Soluble and Exosomal Cytokines Related to Carcinogenesis.

promotes the secretion of cytokines that regulate inflammation and carcinogenesis. Immune cells secrete cytokines into the extracellular medium or packaged in exosomes. The objective of this study was to analyze the profile of soluble and exosomal cytokines that were secreted by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that were infected with and to build a network of interaction between cytokines and cellular proteins.

High Fundamental Frequency (HFF) Monolithic Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Array for the Simultaneous Detection of Pesticides and Antibiotics in Complex Food.

As in the case of the food industry in general, there is a global concern about safety and quality in complex food matrices, such as honey, which is driving the demand for fast, sensitive and affordable analytical techniques across the honey-packaging industry. Although excellent techniques such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) are available, these are located in centralized laboratories and are still lacking in speed, simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Here, a new approach is presented where a competitive immunoassay is combined with a novel High Fundamental Frequency Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (HFF-QCMD) array biosensor for the simultaneous detection of antibiotics and pesticides in honey.

Factors Associated With Morbidity and Retreatment After Surgical Management of Nonacute Subdural Hematomas in Elderly Patients.

Background Preoperative identification of clinical, radiographic, and surgery-specific factors associated with nonacute subdural hematomas (SDHs) may enable clinicians to optimize the efficacy of the initial surgical intervention, improve outcomes, and decrease rates of surgical recurrence. Methods The authors identified patients aged ≥65 years who underwent surgical treatment of chronic, subacute, or mixed-density SDH at a level-1 trauma hospital over a ten-year period (2010-2019). Pre-and postoperative clinical, radiographic, and surgery-specific data were collected.

Outcomes of Interventions for Angiosarcoma.

Objective: Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant vascular tumor, and the management and outcome of this disease are not well-described. The aim of this study was to report the incidence, patient demographics, and outcomes of angiosarcoma based on national data.

Methods: Data on patients with angiosarcoma were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

The Use of Three-Dimensional Cell Culture to Study Apicobasal Polarization and Lumen Formation.

The three-dimensional culture of epithelial cells allows the characterization of processes required for collective epithelial polarization, such as formation of an epithelial lumen. Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells have been instrumental in pioneering 3-Dimensional culture analysis methods. Here we describe methods for MDCK cell three-dimensional culture, generation of stable engineered cell lines, immunolabeling, and imaging approaches that allow for analysis of apical-basal polarity during lumen formation in this model.

Acoustic Array Biochip Combined with Allele-Specific PCR for Multiple Cancer Mutation Analysis in Tissue and Liquid Biopsy.

Regular screening of point mutations is of importance to cancer management and treatment selection. Although techniques like next-generation sequencing and digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are available, these are lacking in speed, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness. The development of alternative methods that can detect the extremely low concentrations of the target mutation in a fast and cost-effective way presents an analytical and technological challenge.

Canonical (CD74/CD44) and Non-Canonical (CXCR2, 4 and 7) MIF Receptors Are Differentially Expressed in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Evaluated by DAS28-ESR.

Unlabelled: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) significantly contributes to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. We aimed to evaluate the canonical (CD74/CD44) and non-canonical MIF receptors (CXCR2,4 and 7) expression and sCD74 to establish their association with RA clinical activity according to DAS28-ESR.

Methodology: 101 RA patients with different clinical activities (remission ( = 27), low ( = 16), moderate ( = 35) and high ( = 23)) and 9 control subjects (CS) were included.

A Real-Time Method for Improving Stability of Monolithic Quartz Crystal Microbalance Operating under Harsh Environmental Conditions.

Monolithic quartz crystal microbalance (MQCM) has recently emerged as a very promising technology suitable for biosensing applications. These devices consist of an array of miniaturized QCM sensors integrated within the same quartz substrate capable of detecting multiple target analytes simultaneously. Their relevant benefits include high throughput, low cost per sensor unit, low sample/reagent consumption and fast sensing response.

RAL GTPases mediate EGFR-driven intestinal stem cell proliferation and tumourigenesis.

RAS-like (RAL) GTPases function in Wnt signalling-dependent intestinal stem cell proliferation and regeneration. Whether RAL proteins work as canonical RAS effectors in the intestine and the mechanisms of how they contribute to tumourigenesis remain unclear. Here, we show that RAL GTPases are necessary and sufficient to activate EGFR/MAPK signalling in the intestine, via induction of EGFR internalisation.