An Aggressive Large Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma of the Anterior Mediastinum in a Young Woman.

Hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor with involvement of the liver, brain, long bones, and lung. Among the 6 histological subtypes, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is the most aggressive. Its occurrence in the mediastinum is quite rare, and very few cases have been documented.

Robotic adrenalectomy for a large right adrenal tumour.

The robotic approach for adrenalectomy has revolutionized the field of minimal access surgery for benign adrenal tumours. Robotic adrenal surgery has the edge over conventional laparoscopic adrenal surgery as it provides 3D stereoscopic vision, a high degree of dexterity with the use of EndoWrist instruments, and an ergonomic position for the surgeon. Here, we present our experience with robotic adrenal surgery in a large right adrenal tumour.

Eleven-year experience in thoracoscopic excision of bronchogenic cyst.

Objectives: bronchogenic cysts are uncommon congenital cystic lesions. Most are incidentally detected and require surgical excision for histological diagnosis, symptom relief, and to prevent complications. Video-assisted thoracoscopic resection is preferable in suitable patients.

Evaluation of the role of [18F]FDG-PET/CT and [68Ga]DOTATOC-PET/CT in differentiating typical and atypical pulmonary carcinoids.

Pulmonary carcinoids are histologically classified into typical and atypical. It is important to identify these preoperatively for treatment planning and prognosis. Structural imaging cannot conclusively differentiate between them.

Primary pulmonary synovial cell sarcoma: radiological findings and management.

Primary pulmonary synovial cell sarcoma is a rare tumor without specific symptoms, signs, or radiological features. The role of functional imaging has not yet been evaluated, and diagnosis is usually made on histopathological examination. Positron-emission computed tomography findings and surgical resection in a 22-year-old man and a 40-year-old woman are described.

Primary mediastinal chondrosarcoma with Horner's syndrome.

Chondrosarcomas are uncommon tumors of the mediastinum. Cases reported in the literature are chondrosarcomas originating from osteocartilaginous structures; primary chondrosarcomas that have no anatomical relation with cartilaginous structures are rare. They present with myriad symptoms depending on compression of the adjacent structures; but Horner's syndrome, as a symptom, has not been described before.

Evaluation of mediastinal lymph nodes using F-FDG PET-CT scan and its histopathologic correlation.

Aims And Objectives: To determine the efficacy of integrated (18)F-fluorodeoxy glucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET-CT) in the evaluation and characterization of mediastinal lymph nodes into benign and malignant pathology.

Methods: Thirty-five patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathies without primary neoplastic or infective lung pathologies were included in the study. The lymph nodes were detected on contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest.

Surgically treated aggressive mediastinal sarcoma: a tumor of possible thymic origin.

True sarcoma of thymus has no epithelial component. This tumor behaves aggressively with invasion of adjacent structures. Only a few anecdotal case reports of this tumor are found in the English-language literature, and they describe a poor outcome.

Role of (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT in the evaluation of primary pulmonary carcinoids.

Background/aims: Although carcinoid tumors usually have good prognosis, early and specific diagnosis is important. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging do not provide findings that are specific for carcinoids, and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy suffers from low spatial resolution. 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) has limited sensitivity for carcinoids due to low uptake of the marker.

Thymic neuroendocrine tumour (carcinoid): clinicopathological features of four patients with different presentation.

Thymic carcinoids are aggressive and present at an advanced stage. This article describes the utility of (68)Gallium-1,4,7,10-traazacyclododecane-NI, NII, NIII, NIIII-tetra acetic acid-(D)-Phel1-Tyr3-octreotide positron emission tomography ((68)Ga DOTATOC PET-CT-scan) and clinicopathological features of four thymic carcinoid tumours. Two typical, one atypical, and one large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) were analysed.

Role of positron emission tomography-computed tomography in bronchial mucoepidermoid carcinomas: a case series and review of the literature.

Introduction: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the tracheobronchial tree is rare. Such tumors usually present with signs and symptoms of bronchial obstruction. Histologically, they can be classified as high-grade or low-grade tumors.

Endobronchial fibroleiomyomatous hamartoma: a diagnostic pitfall.

A 46 year-old man was found to have a polypoidal growth in the lumen of the right main bronchus. Fiberoptic bronchoscope-guided biopsy of the mass on two occasions showed acute-on-chronic inflammation. The origin of the polyp was the right upper lobe bronchus; and upper lobectomy with adequate resection margin was done.

Emergency video-assisted thoracoscopic foreign body removal and decortication of lung after chest trauma.

Video-assisted thoracoscopy can be a useful tool in selected chest trauma patients for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A metallic foreign body, embedded in peripheral lung parenchyma, was removed successfully with blood clot evacuation and limited decortication of lung in a hemodynamically stable 10-year-old patient using a video-assisted thoracoscopic technique.

Functional imaging in differentiating bronchial masses: an initial experience with a combination of (18)F-FDG PET-CT scan and (68)Ga DOTA-TOC PET-CT scan.

Objective: To evaluate the role of combination of (18)F-FDG PET-CT scan and (68)Ga DOTA-TOC PET-CT scan in differentiating bronchial tumors observed in contrast enhanced computed tomography scan of chest.

Study Design: Prospective observational study. Place of study: All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Concurrent benign schwannoma of oesophagus and posterior mediastinum.

A 52-year-old female with recent onset dysphagia and haematemesis was found to have an intramural tumour of the oesophagus. A separate tumour in the posterior mediastinum was also detected. Both the tumours were immunohistochemically and histomorphologically compatible with benign schwannoma.

Characterization of thymic masses using (18)F-FDG PET-CT.

Background: The resectability and survival may be improved in thymoma and thymic carcinoma with multimodality therapy. Various diagnostic imaging modalities are required for accurate diagnosis and preoperative staging of thymic masses. The present prospective study was planned to evaluate if Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET-CT can help differentiate various thymic lesions noted on conventional imaging modalities.

Large pedunculated fibrovascular polyp of oesophagus in a young woman.

A 25-year-old female patient with a history of progressive dysphagia of one year duration was detected to have intraluminal polypoidal mass in the oesophagus on barium contrast study and computed tomography. Direct laryngoscopy and flexible endoscopy confirmed the origin from pharyngo-oesophageal junction. Lateral cervical oesophagotomy and excision of a polypoidal mass of 15x6.

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the thymus gland with sternal invasion.

Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the thymus is a rare cancer that is more aggressive than other thymic epithelial tumors with poorer prognosis. We report one such case in a 44-year-old male patient with invasion into the upper 2/3rd of the sternum but no endocrinopathy. Complete enbloc resection of the tumor with adherent pericardium, upper 2/3rd of the sternum and mediastinal lymphadenectomy was performed.