One-Year Mortality After Lung Transplantation: Experience of a Single French Center Between 2012 and 2021.

BACKGROUND Lung transplantation (LTx) is a life-extending therapy for specific patients with terminal lung diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the associations and causes of 1-year mortality after lung transplantation at Strasbourg University Hospital, France, between 2012 and 2021. MATERIAL AND METHODS We carried out a retrospective analysis on 425 patients who underwent LTx at Strasbourg University Hospital between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2021.

Survival and response to pulmonary vasodilator therapies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary vascular phenotype.

Background: The aim of the study was to describe and investigate the effect of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) therapies in a cohort of patients with severe precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; PH-COPD), and to assess factors predictive of treatment response and mortality.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively included patients with severe incident PH-COPD who received PAH therapy and underwent RHC at diagnosis and on treatment.

Results: From 2015 to 2022, 35 severe PH-COPD patients, with clinical features of pulmonary vascular phenotype, were included.

Therapeutic bronchoscopy for malignant central airway obstruction: Introduction to the EpiGETIF registry.

Background And Objective: EpiGETIF is a web-based, multicentre clinical database created in 2019 aiming for prospective collection of data regarding therapeutic rigid bronchoscopy (TB) for malignant central airway obstruction (MCAO).

Methods: Patients were enrolled into the registry from January 2019 to November 2022. Data were prospectively entered through a web-interface, using standardized definitions for each item.

Early glucose abnormalities revealed by continuous glucose monitoring associate with lung function decline in cystic fibrosis: A five-year prospective study.

Background: Cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) is commonly associated with declining lung function and nutritional status. We aimed to evaluate the pulmonary impact of early glucose abnormalities by using 2-h standard oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF).

Methods: PwCF aged ≥10 years old without known CFRD were included in a five-year prospective multicentre study.

Changes in HCMV immune cell frequency and phenotype are associated with chronic lung allograft dysfunction.

Background: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is common and often severe in lung transplant recipients (LTRs), and it is a risk factor associated with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). The complex interplay between HCMV and allograft rejection is still unclear. Currently, no treatment is available to reverse CLAD after diagnosis, and the identification of reliable biomarkers that can predict the early development of CLAD is needed.

A randomized controlled trial of presatovir for respiratory syncytial virus after lung transplant.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in lung transplant recipients is associated with high morbidity. This study evaluated the RSV fusion inhibitor presatovir in RSV-infected lung transplant recipients.

Methods: In this international Phase 2b, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (NCT02534350), adult lung transplant recipients with symptomatic confirmed RSV infection for ≤7 days received oral presatovir 200 mg on day 1 and 100 mg daily on days 2 to 14, or placebo (2:1), with follow-up through day 28.

Endobronchial valves: 1st Multicenter retrospective study on the 2-step approach.

Background: Although the endobronchial valves (EBV) were successfully developed as treatment for severe emphysema, its main complication, pneumothorax, remained an important concern.

Objective: To assess whether the placement of Zephyr© endobronchial valves throughout 2 procedures instead of 1 minor the frequency of pneumothorax without lowering the benefits of such treatment.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in 15 pulmonology department in France.

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: clinical, bronchoscopic, and comorbid features in a case series.

Background: Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare condition of unknown etiology. TO is characterized by submucosal nodules, with or without calcifications, protruding in the anterolateral walls of the trachea and proximal bronchi. The objective of this study was to describe TO features and associated comorbidities in a series of patients.

Crossover Patient Outcomes for Targeted Lung Denervation in Moderate to Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: AIRFLOW-2.

Background: Targeted Lung Denervation (TLD) is a potential new therapy for COPD. Radiofrequency energy is bronchoscopically delivered to the airways to disrupt pulmonary parasympathetic nerves, to reduce bronchoconstriction, mucus hypersecretion, and bronchial hyperreactivity.

Objectives: This work assesses the effect of TLD on COPD exacerbations (AECOPD) in crossover subjects in the AIRFLOW-2 trial.

Torque teno virus DNA load as a predictive marker of antibody response to a three-dose regimen of COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccine in lung transplant recipients.

Background: Previous studies have reported that lung transplant recipients (LTR) develop a poor response to two doses of COVID-19 vaccine, but data regarding the third dose are lacking. We investigated the antibody response after three doses of mRNA vaccine in LTR and its predictive factors.

Methods: A total of 136 LTR, including 10 LTR previously infected and 126 COVID-19-naive LTR, were followed during and after three doses of mRNA vaccine.

Atypical Unilateral SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia in a Single Lung Re-Transplanted Patient: A Case Report.

Background: Since December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic significantly has impacted the medical community. When infected with SARS-CoV-2, most of the patients developed bilateral pneumonia. We have herein presented the atypical case of a patient who developed unilateral SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, affecting only the second lung allograft re-transplanted (re-LTX).

Initiation of extracorporeal photopheresis in lung transplant patients with mild to moderate refractory BOS: A single-center real-life experience.

Background: Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the main limitation to long-term survival following lung transplantation. Several studies generated promising results regarding the efficacy of extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) in BOS management. We aimed to compare FEV1 evolution in ECP-treated versus non-ECP treated patients among BOS recipients.

Feasibility and efficacy of combined pancreatic islet-lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis-related diabetes-PIM study: A multicenter phase 1-2 trial.

Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) is a common complication of cystic fibrosis (CF), and restoring metabolic control in these patients may improve their management after lung transplantation. In this multicenter, prospective, phase 1-2 trial, we evaluate the feasibility and metabolic efficacy of combined pancreatic islet-lung transplantation from a single donor in patients with CFRD, terminal respiratory failure, and poorly controlled diabetes. Islets were infused via the portal vein under local anesthesia, 1 week after lung transplantation.

A randomized controlled trial of liposomal cyclosporine A for inhalation in the prevention of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome following lung transplantation.

Long-term survival after lung transplantation is limited by chronic allograft dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of locally augmented immunosuppression with liposomal cyclosporine A for inhalation (L-CsA-i) for the prevention of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center Phase 3 study, 180 LT recipients in BOS grade 0 were planned to receive L-CsA-i or placebo in addition to triple-drug immunosuppression.

Endobronchial Coil System versus Standard-of-Care Medical Management in the Treatment of Subjects with Severe Emphysema.

Background: Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction using endobronchial coils is a new treatment for patients with severe emphysema. To date, the benefits have been modest and have been suggested to be much larger in patients with severe hyperinflation and nonmulti-comorbidity.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endobronchial coil treatment in a randomized multicenter clinical trial using optimized patient selection.

End-Stage Respiratory Failure Secondary to Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome Induced by Toxic Epidermal Necrosis, Also Known as Lyell Syndrome: A Case Report.

Background: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare but serious dermatologic diseases. They can be associated with systemic manifestations such as bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). SJS/TEN-induced BOS is associated with a poor prognosis, and no guidelines exist regarding its management.

miRNAs Potentially Involved in Post Lung Transplant-Obliterative Bronchiolitis: The Role of miR-21-5p.

Epigenetic changes, including miRNAs deregulation, have been suggested to play a significant role in development of obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) in transplanted lungs. Many studies have tried to identify ideal candidate miRNAs and the downstream pathways implicated in the bronchiolar fibro-obliterative process. Several candidate miRNAs, previously indicated as possibly being associated with OB, were analyzed by combining the quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH) of lung tissues of OB affected patients.

Safety of denervation following targeted lung denervation therapy for COPD: AIRFLOW-1 3-year outcomes.

Background: Targeted lung denervation (TLD) is a novel bronchoscopic therapy that disrupts parasympathetic pulmonary nerve input to the lung reducing clinical consequences of cholinergic hyperactivity. The AIRFLOW-1 study assessed safety and TLD dose in patients with moderate-to-severe, symptomatic COPD. This analysis evaluated the long-term impact of TLD on COPD exacerbations, pulmonary function, and quality of life over 3 years of follow up.

Overexpression of the MSK1 Kinase in Patients With Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction and Its Confirmed Role in a Murine Model.

Background: Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) and its obstructive form, the obliterative bronchiolitis (OB), are the main long-term complications related to high mortality rate postlung transplantation. CLAD treatment lacks a significant success in survival. Here, we investigated a new strategy through inhibition of the proinflammatory mitogen- and stress-activated kinase 1 (MSK1) kinase.