Gender Minority Physician Assistant/Associate Applicants and Likelihood of Matriculation: A Retrospective Analysis.

Introduction: Gender minorities are undermeasured among physician assistant/associate programs and across the profession. This study describes the 2020 to 2021 Centralized Application Service for Physician Assistants self-identified gender minority applicant pool, examining whether gender minority status is associated with matriculation.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 2020 to 2021 admission cycle participants (n = 30,123) was described and evaluated for associations between self-identified gender minority status and likelihood of program matriculation using logistic regression.

An Analysis of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Curricula Inclusion: A National Study of Physician Assistant Programs.

Introduction: The health professions education literature shows an increased focus on inclusion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) content in curricula; however, it does not address hours of content or methods for content delivery. The purpose of this study was to describe the delivery of LGBTQ content in physician assistant (PA) education through a national survey of PA programs.

Methods: In 2021, a national program survey was sent to all US-accredited PA Programs (n = 284) and had a completion rate of 71.

Non-native English-speaking applicants and the likelihood of physician assistant program matriculation.

Purpose: Effective communication is critical in patient care. Multilingual medical providers, including Physician Assistants (PAs) can contribute to improved health care among patients with limited English proficiency; however, this is contingent upon matriculating multilingual providers. In this study, the association between prospective applicants' self-reported English as second language (ESL) status and their likelihood of matriculation into a PA program was investigated.

Military Veteran Matriculation in US Physician Associate/Assistant Programs.

Introduction: This study aims to determine whether veterans have differential access to physician associate/assistant (PA) education by examining likelihood of matriculation relative to nonveteran peers. We explore associations between veteran status and likelihood of matriculation for change over time and whether effects differ among active duty versus non-active-duty applicants.

Methods: Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate associations between self-identified military status and likelihood of PA program matriculation in five Centralized Applicant Services for Physician Assistants admissions cycles (2012-2013, 2014-2015, 2016-2017, 2018-2019, 2020-2021).

An update on expanding HIV preexposure prophylaxis.

HIV continues to affect certain populations disproportionately, including sexual and gender minorities, racial/ethnic minorities, and populations with limited resources in southern US states. New CDC guidelines include a recommendation to discuss HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with all sexually active patients, which is likely to expand use. The guidelines also include important changes in PrEP monitoring and address PrEP telehealth.

PA applicant U.S. citizenship status and likelihood of program matriculation.

Background: Barriers to matriculation into Physician Assistant (PA) programs and entry into the PA profession have disproportionate impact on historically marginalized groups. This study evaluates if U.S.

Outcomes of HRSA-Funded Expansion of Physician Assistant Training Grants 2011-2016.

Purpose: The Affordable Care Act (ACA), enacted in 2010, created the Expansion of Physician Assistant Training (EPAT) grant with the goal of increasing the number of physician assistants (PAs) entering primary care. There has been no analysis regarding the practice patterns of students graduating from EPAT-funded programs. This study aimed to describe the workforce impact of federal investment in PA education through the EPAT program.

Best practice recommendations for the use of hepatitis C viremic donor organs for hepatitis C virus naïve recipients.

The combination of the transplant organ deficit, the increase in HCV nucleic acid positive donors (HCV NAT+), and the development of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) has resulted in a rapid increase in HCV NAT+ organ transplants into HCV naïve recipients. Early clinical experience with HCV NAT+ donor organs has shown promising outcomes; however, best practices are lacking to guide transplant programs during all phases of patient care. Transplant programs developing protocols for the utilization of HCV NAT+ organs will need a multidisciplinary team to address all aspects of pre-transplant and post-transplant patient care.

In vitro Hemocompatibility Evaluation of the HeartWare Ventricular Assist Device Under Systemic, Pediatric and Pulmonary Support Conditions.

The development of adult use right ventricular assist devices (RVADs) and pediatric left ventricular assist devices (pediatric LVADs) have significantly lagged behind compared to adult use left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). The HeartWare ventricular assist device (HVAD) intended to be used for adult's systemic support, is increasingly used off-label for adult pulmonary and pediatric systemic support. Due to different hemodynamics and physiology, however, the HVAD's hemocompatibility profiles can be drastically different when used in adult pulmonary circulation or in children, compared to its intended usage state, which could have a direct clinical and developmental relevance.

Update on HIV prevention and preexposure prophylaxis.

HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an opportunity for clinicians to curb the 40,000 HIV infections occurring annually in the United States. PrEP is medication used by HIV-negative patients to reduce their risk of acquiring the virus. This article provides a baseline understanding of PrEP indications, prescribing, and monitoring, including a review of previously approved medication and an update on newly approved drugs, including emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF).

Curricular Approaches to Transgender Health in Physician Assistant Education.

Purpose: According to the Williams Institute, 1.4 million U.S.

Durability of Expanded Physician Assistant Training Positions Following the End of Health Resources and Services Administration Expansion of Physician Assistant Training Funding.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the number of Health Resources and Services Administration Expansion of Physician Assistant Training (EPAT)-funded physician assistant (PA) programs planning to maintain class size at expanded levels after grant funds expire and to report proposed financing methods. The 5-year EPAT grant expired in 2015, and the effect of this funding on creating a durable expansion of PA training seats has not yet been investigated.

Methods: The study used an anonymous, 9-question, Web-based survey sent to the program directors at each of the PA programs that received EPAT funding.

Assessment of Intimate Partner Violence by Child Welfare Services.

The purpose of this study was to describe policy and practice with respect to the assessment of intimate partner violence in a sample of child welfare agencies located throughout the United States and to examine the relationship of contextual characteristics and assessment practices. Telephone interviews were conducted with key informants from child welfare agencies. A snowball interviewing strategy was used to identify the best informant in each agency.

Psychiatric and medical health care policies in juvenile detention facilities.

Objectives: Many adolescents admitted to detention facilities have serious mental and physical health problems. Little is known about policies for the delivery of mental and physical health care in these settings. Our objective was to describe current health care policies in U.

Medicaid insurance policy for youths involved in the criminal justice system.

Juvenile justice and Medicaid agencies share an interest in serving delinquent youths, many of whom have a relatively poor health status. However, many state and local Medicaid policies result in these youths having no insurance coverage, making access to needed services difficult. A nationally representative survey of state and community juvenile justice and Medicaid agencies was conducted to assess Medicaid policies.

Comprehensive assessments for children entering foster care: a national perspective.

Objectives: To 1) investigate the status of policies for comprehensive health assessments of children entering out-of-home care, 2) develop a profile for each primary sampling unit (PSU) regarding the comprehensiveness of its assessment policies with respect to physical, mental, and developmental health, and 3) examine the relationship between inclusiveness and the estimated percentage of children assessed, primary assessment location, and principal assessment provider type.

Method: In collaboration with the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, a national probability sample of 92 PSUs was identified. Detailed telephone survey data, addressing policies for the assessment of physical, mental, and developmental needs of children on entry into out-of-home care, were collected from child welfare key informants.

Foster care and Medicaid managed care.

Children in the foster care system are often dependent on Medicaid for health care. These children, however, have more complex health care needs than the typical child receiving Medicaid. States are implementing Medicaid managed care programs as a way to control escalating costs while providing necessary services.