Resting-state fMRI study of acute migraine treatment with kinetic oscillation stimulation in nasal cavity.

Kinetic oscillatory stimulation (KOS) in the nasal cavity is a non-invasive cranial nerve stimulation method with promising efficacy for acute migraine and other inflammatory disorders. For a better understanding of the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of KOS treatment, we conducted a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of 10 acute migraine patients and 10 normal control subjects during KOS treatment in a 3 T clinical MRI scanner. The fMRI data were first processed using a group independent component analysis (ICA) method and then further analyzed with a voxel-wise 3-way ANOVA modeling and region of interest (ROI) of functional connectivity metrics.

Kinetic oscillation stimulation as treatment of acute migraine: a randomized, controlled pilot study.

Objective: To assess the relief of migraine pain, especially in the acute phase, by comparing active treatment, ie, kinetic oscillation stimulation (KOS) in the nasal cavity, with placebo.

Background: Exploratory trials testing the efficacy of KOS on migraine patients indicated that this treatment could be a fast-acting remedy for acute migraine pain.

Method: Thirty-six patients were randomized 1:1 using a placebo module to active or placebo treatment in this double-blinded parallel design study.

[Pain more painful in women. Gender perspective neglected in research on the biological mechanisms of pain].

There are some sex differences in the perception of defined noxious stimuli, with females being more sensitive than males in both rodents and humans. Using imaging techniques gender differences of the brain were recently demonstrated in neurophysiological response and pain perception to heating of the skin. Many chronic pain states are more common and/or aggressive in women than in men, i.

Noradrenaline-evoked pain in neuralgia.

We have tested the effects of cutaneous application of noradrenaline in 35 patients presenting with neuropathic pain. Depending on the outcome of sympatholytic interventions the patients were considered to have sympathetically maintained pain (SMP; n = 25) or sympathetically independent pain (SIP; n = 10). Iontophoretic application or cutaneous injection of noradrenaline into symptomatic skin aggravated pain and mechanical or thermal hyperalgesia in 7/25 SMP patients.

Beneficial effects of ketamine in a chronic pain state with allodynia, possibly due to central sensitization.

Allodynia is a well-known component of neuropathic pain resulting from injury to the nervous system. Clinical pain states with allodynia in connection with longstanding superficial wounds have, however, not been reported in the literature. In this case a chronic pain state developed in a previously healthy 17-year-old girl in and around a persistently suppurating appendectomy wound.

Continuous naloxone administration via osmotic minipump decreases autotomy but has no effect on nociceptive threshold in the rat.

Rats with unilaterally sectioned sciatic nerves were continuously administered naloxone HCl (80 or 800 micrograms/h) or equivalent volumes of saline (1 or 10 microliters/h) subcutaneously via osmotic minipumps over a 2 or 5 week period. Rats receiving 80 micrograms/h naloxone for 5 weeks exhibited significantly less self-mutilation (autotomy) of the denervated foot than saline controls or rats receiving 80 micrograms/h naloxone for 2 weeks. The nociceptive threshold of intact rats infused with the same dose of naloxone was tested on a hot plate.

Stress-related pain behavior in rats with peripheral nerve injuries.

The effects of cold stress were studied on rats with unilaterally sectioned sciatic nerves. Behaviors suggestive of pain occurred in a number of these animals. These behaviors vanished when removing the rats from the stressful environment.