Publications by authors named "Rolando X Aviles-Reyes"
Article Synopsis
- Aß pathology primarily influences the expression of Alzheimer's disease risk genes in astrocytes, while both Aß and Tau pathologies trigger age-related changes with some overlapping features found in human AD cases.
- Both Aß and Tau lead to an astrocyte signature that suppresses energy and translation processes, while promoting inflammation and protein degradation, linked to specific mediators like Spi1 and Nrf2.
- Enhancing Nrf2 expression in astrocytes creates a protective reactive phenotype that reduces Aß and Tau accumulation and alleviates neurodegenerative effects and cognitive deficits in mouse models.
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) remain one the most important pathogens infecting children and they are one of the main causes of persistent diarrhea worldwide. In this study, we have isolated EPEC from 94 stool samples of children under five years old with diarrheal illness in the area of Quito (Ecuador), and we have determined the occurrence of the two subtypes of EPEC, typical EPEC (tEPEC) and atypical (aEPEC), by PCR amplification of the genes eae (attaching and effacing) and bfp (bundle- forming pilus). Typical EPEC is positive for eae and bfp genes while aEPEC is positive only for eae.
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- Sleep apnea (SA) leads to long-term changes in the brain, affecting learning and memory, even in treated patients.
- Research using intermittent hypoxia (IH) has linked the activation of mitochondrial pathways (RAGE and NF-κB) to neuronal death and inflammation.
- Blocking RAGE or NF-κB during critical periods after IH exposure improves neuron survival and reduces inflammation, suggesting these pathways are key targets for preventing brain damage in SA.
S100B is a soluble protein secreted by astrocytes that exerts pro-survival or pro-apoptotic effects depending on the concentration reached in the extracellular millieu. The S100B receptor termed RAGE (for receptor for advanced end glycation products) is highly expressed in the developing brain but is undetectable in normal adult brain. In this study, we show that RAGE expression is induced in cortical neurons of the ischemic penumbra.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSleep apnea (SA) can be effectively managed in humans but it is recognized that when left untreated, SA causes long-lasting changes in neuronal circuitry in the brain. Recent neuroimaging studies gave suggested that these neuronal changes are also present even in patients successfully treated for the acute effects of SA. The cellular mechanisms that account for these changes are not certain but animal models of intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep have shown neuronal death and impairment in learning and memory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) is involved in neuronal functions ranging from induction of apoptosis and growth inhibition to the promotion of survival. p75(NTR) expression is induced in the central nervous system (CNS) by a range of pathological conditions, where it seems to have a role in neuronal death and axonal growth inhibition. The cellular mechanisms driving p75(NTR) expression in cell lines and primary neurons is Sp1 dependent (Ramos et al.
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