Prevalence of anal dysplasia and HPV genotypes in gynecology patients: The ANGY cross-sectional prospective clinical study protocol.

Background: Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) are highly prevalent in the sexually active populations, with a significant burden in terms of health and psychological cost in all class ages. High-risk (HR) HPV genotypes are associated with anogenital dysplasia and cancers, and anal HPV-induced cancer is increasingly observed in women. The interactions of HPV genotype's between the anus and the cervix, and the subsequent occurrence of dysplasia remains unclear.

Demographics and outcomes of hepatitis B and D: A 10-year retrospective analysis in a Swiss tertiary referral center.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major global health challenge with approximately 250-350 million chronically infected individuals. An improved understanding of the demographic features and outcomes of chronic HBV infection and hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in low-endemic areas may improve prevention, early identification and management both at individual and community levels. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment rates and outcomes of adult patients with chronic HBV infection with or without HDV coinfection examined at Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland over a 10-year period.

Neurologic complications of acute hepatitis E virus infection.

Objective: To assess the prevalence and clinical features of neurologic involvement in patients with acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in Southern Switzerland.

Methods: Among 1,940 consecutive patients investigated for acute hepatitis E, we identified 141 cases of acute of HEV infection (anti-HEV immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G both reactive and/or HEV RNA positive) between June 2014 and September 2017. Neurologic cases were followed up for 6 months.

Sofosbuvir add-on to ribavirin for chronic hepatitis E in a cirrhotic liver transplant recipient: a case report.

Background: Chronic hepatitis E represents an emerging challenge in organ transplantation, as there are currently no established treatment options for patients who fail to clear hepatitis E virus (HEV) following reduction of immunosuppressive therapy and/or treatment with ribavirin. Sofosbuvir has shown antiviral activity against HEV in vitro but clinical utility in vivo is unknown.

Case Presentation: We describe a 57-year-old liver transplant recipient with decompensated graft cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis E.

Human papillomavirus genotype distribution and socio-behavioural characteristics in women with cervical pre-cancer and cancer at the start of a human papillomavirus vaccination programme: the CIN3+ plus study.

Background: The Swiss Federal Office of Public Health has recommended vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) to prevent cervical cancer since 2008. To establish monitoring of the future public health impact of vaccination, baseline population-based data are required. The objectives of this study were to examine the distribution of oncogenic HPV genotypes in biopsies with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia stage 3 or more severe lesions (CIN3+) at the beginning of HPV vaccination programmes and to compare sociodemographic and behavioural factors of women with CIN3+ with women in the Swiss general population.

Human papilloma virus-associated squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx in an 18-year-old woman.

Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated malignancies are considered to be sexually transmitted diseases.

Methods: We report a HPV-positive larynx cancer in an 18-year-old female clarinet player, despite vaccination with the quadrivalent HPV-6-11-16-18-vaccine Gardasil (Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., West Point, Pennsylvania).

Impact of HPV vaccination with Gardasil® in Switzerland.

Background: Gardasil®, a quadrivalent vaccine targeting low-risk (6, 11) and high-risk (16, 18) human papillomaviruses (HPV), has been offered to 11-14 year-old schoolgirls in Switzerland since 2008. To evaluate its success and its potential impact on cervical cancer screening, HPV genotypes were examined in 18-year-old girls five years later (sub-study 1) and in outpatients participating to cervical cancer screening before and after vaccine implementation (sub-study 2).

Methods: For sub-study 1, 3726 females aged 18 in 2013 were invited to fill a questionnaire on personal demographics and HPV risk factors and to provide a self-collected cervicovaginal sample for HPV genotyping and Chlamydia trachomatis PCR.

Hepatitis E virus as a cause of acute hepatitis acquired in Switzerland.

Background: Autochthonous hepatitis E is increasingly recognized as zoonotic infection in western countries. Serological assays have varying sensitivity and specificity.

Methods: We implemented molecular testing to identify and characterize acute hepatitis E acquired in Switzerland.

Clinical phenotype and outcome of hepatitis E virus-associated neuralgic amyotrophy.

Objective: To determine the clinical phenotype and outcome in hepatitis E virus-associated neuralgic amyotrophy (HEV-NA).

Methods: Cases of NA were identified in 11 centers from 7 European countries, with retrospective analysis of demographics, clinical/laboratory findings, and treatment and outcome. Cases of HEV-NA were compared with NA cases without evidence of HEV infection.

[Zika virus : from research to vaccine].

Zika virus has recently emerged as new teratogenic agent. Research is drastically increasing to allow a better comprehension of the role of this emerging virus in the induction of fetal cerebral anomalies. Several epidemiological and microbiological aspects may explain a higher virulence of the current strain.

Visualization of hepatitis E virus RNA and proteins in the human liver.

Background & Aims: Although hepatitis E constitutes a substantial disease burden worldwide, surprisingly little is known about the localization of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the human liver. We therefore aimed to visualize HEV RNA and proteins in situ.

Methods: A panel of 12 different antibodies against HEV open reading frame (ORF) 1-3 proteins was evaluated for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and two probes for in situ hybridization (ISH) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) HuH7 cells transfected with HEV ORF1-3 expression vectors.

Impact of Tenofovir on Hepatitis Delta Virus Replication in the Swiss Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cohort Study.

We analyzed changes in hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) viral loads (VL) during tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy among patients with a replicating HDV infection in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Only 28.6% experienced a ≥2.

First international external quality assessment for hepatitis delta virus RNA quantification in plasma.

Unlabelled: Infection by the hepatitis delta virus (HDV), a satellite of the hepatitis B virus (HBV), increases viral liver disease severity. Its diagnosis is thus vital for HBV-infected patients. HDV-RNA load (HDVL) should be assessed and monitored in plasma using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assays.

Hepatitis delta-associated mortality in HIV/HBV-coinfected patients.

Background & Aims: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection accelerates the progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver disease. We assessed the epidemiological characteristics of HDV infection in the nationwide Swiss HIV Cohort Study and evaluated its impact on clinical outcomes.

Methods: All HIV-infected patients with a positive hepatitis B surface antigen test were considered and tested for anti-HDV antibodies.

Global Genomic Diversity of Human Papillomavirus 11 Based on 433 Isolates and 78 Complete Genome Sequences.

Unlabelled: Human papillomavirus 11 (HPV11) is an etiological agent of anogenital warts and laryngeal papillomas and is included in the 4-valent and 9-valent prophylactic HPV vaccines. We established the largest collection of globally circulating HPV11 isolates to date and examined the genomic diversity of 433 isolates and 78 complete genomes (CGs) from six continents. The genomic variation within the 2,800-bp E5a-E5b-L1-upstream regulatory region was initially studied in 181/207 (87.

Ten years of R&D and full automation in molecular diagnosis.

A 10-year experience of our automated molecular diagnostic platform that carries out 91 different real-time PCR is described. Progresses and future perspectives in molecular diagnostic microbiology are reviewed: why automation is important; how our platform was implemented; how homemade PCRs were developed; the advantages/disadvantages of homemade PCRs, including the critical aspects of troubleshooting and the need to further reduce the turnaround time for specific samples, at least for defined clinical settings such as emergencies. The future of molecular diagnosis depends on automation, and in a novel perspective, it is time now to fully acknowledge the true contribution of molecular diagnostic and to reconsider the indication for PCR, by also using these tests as first-line assays.

Absence of hepatitis delta infection in a large rural HIV cohort in Tanzania.

Objectives: The epidemiological and clinical determinants of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection in Sub-Saharan Africa are ill-defined. The prevalence of HDV infection was determined in HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infected individuals in rural Tanzania.

Methods: All HBV-infected adults under active follow-up in the Kilombero and Ulanga Antiretroviral Cohort (KIULARCO) were screened for anti-HDV antibodies.

Hepatitis E virus infection as a direct cause of neuralgic amyotrophy.

Introduction: We describe a patient who developed neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) related to hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection.

Methods: The patient underwent neurological and electrodiagnostic examinations, high-resolution analysis of serological changes, and HEV load profile, and was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin.

Results: There was evidence of bilateral, asymmetric acute inflammatory cervical polyradiculopathy and possible brachial plexopathy.

Acute Hepatitis E Virus infection with coincident reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus infection in an immunosuppressed patient with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most recently discovered of the hepatotropic viruses, and is considered an emerging pathogen in developed countries with the possibility of fulminant hepatitis in immunocompromised patients. Especially in the latter elevated transaminases should be taken as a clue to consider HEV infection, as it can be treated by discontinuation of immunosuppression and/or ribavirin therapy. To our best knowledge, this is a unique case of autochthonous HEV infection with coincident reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in an immunosuppressed patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Human papillomavirus (HPV) contamination of gynaecological equipment.

Objective: The gynaecological environment can become contaminated by human papillomavirus (HPV) from healthcare workers' hands and gloves. This study aimed to assess the presence of HPV on frequently used equipment in gynaecological practice.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 179 samples were taken from fomites (glove box, lamp of a gynaecological chair, gel tubes for ultrasound, colposcope and speculum) in two university hospitals and in four gynaecological private practices.

Rapid detection of enterovirus in cerebrospinal fluid by a fully-automated PCR assay is associated with improved management of aseptic meningitis in adult patients.

Background: Enterovirus (EV) is the most frequent cause of aseptic meningitis (AM). Lack of microbiological documentation results in unnecessary antimicrobial therapy and hospitalization.

Objectives: To assess the impact of rapid EV detection in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by a fully-automated PCR (GeneXpert EV assay, GXEA) on the management of AM.