Long-term pooled analysis of multicenter studies of cooled thermotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia results at three months through four years.

Objectives: To determine the long-term efficacy of cooled thermotherapy in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms of clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Methods: A total of 541 men underwent cooled thermotherapy treatment in six multicenter studies in the United States, England, and Canada. Both fixed and random effects models were used to pool the data across the six studies.