Context And Aim: Given the challenges of microscopy, we compared its performance with SD-Bioline malaria rapid diagnostic test (MRDT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and evaluated the time it took for positive results to become negative after treatment of children with acute uncomplicated malaria.
Subjects And Methods: We present the report of 485 participants with complete MRDT, microscopy, and PCR data out of 511 febrile children aged 3-59 months who participated in a cohort study over a 12-month period in rural and urban areas of Ibadan, Nigeria. MRDT-positive children received antimalaria and tested at every visit over 28 days.
This study investigated the genetic diversity of among asymptomatic pregnant women on intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-Sp) in Osogbo, southwest Nigeria. Blood sample was obtained from consenting pregnant women attending antenatal clinics. Microscopy and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were employed to diagnose and analyse genetic diversity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalar J
May 2023
Background: In Nigeria, declining responsiveness to artemether-lumefantrine (AL), the artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) of choice since 2005, has been reported. Pyronaridine-artesunate (PA) is a newer fixed-dose ACT recently prequalified by the WHO for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. However, PA data from the Nigerian pediatric population is scarce.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Microscopic evaluation of parasite clearance is the gold standard in antimalarial drug efficacy trials. However, the presence of sub-microscopic residual parasitemia after artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) needs to be investigated.
Methods: One hundred and twenty (AL: n = 60, PA: n = 60) days 3 and 14 dried blood spots, negative by microscopy were analysed for residual parasitemia using nested PCR.
Background: Although the global malaria burden is decreasing, there are still concerns about overdiagnosis of malaria and the danger of misdiagnosis of non-malaria causes of fever. Clinicians continue to face the challenge of differentiating between these causes despite the introduction of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs).
Aim: To determine the prevalence and causes of non-malaria-caused fever in children in South-Western Nigeria.
Trop Med Int Health
November 2019
Objectives: To investigate the consequence of restricting antimalarial treatment to febrile children that test positive to a malaria rapid diagnostic test (MRDT) only in an area of intense malaria transmission.
Methods: Febrile children aged 3-59 months were screened with an MRDT at health facilities in south-west Nigeria. MRDT-positive children received artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ), while MRDT-negative children were treated based on the clinical diagnosis of non-malaria febrile illness.
Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment of malaria remain the hallmark for reducing malaria-related mortality in high transmission areas. Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein2 (PfHRP2) based rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) play a vital role in prompt and accurate malaria diagnosis. However, pfhrp2 gene deletion threatens the RDT test sensitivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCD14 is a multifunctional receptor expressed on many cell types and has been shown to mediate immune response resulting in the activation of an inflammatory cascade, with polymorphism of its promoter (rs2569190) found to be associated with susceptibility to several diseases. In malaria infection, the CD14 gene demonstrated a pathogenic profile in regulating experimental cerebral malaria, with reports of elevated levels of soluble CD14 in serum of patients but no definitive conclusion. We present a detailed analysis of genetic diversity of CD14 promoter gene (snp -159 C/T; rs2519190) polymorphism between a malaria-infected group and uninfected controls and its association with clinical parameters of disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSusceptibility to malaria infection has been associated with host genetic polymorphisms that differs between groups. We hypothesize that Toll-interacting proteins (TOLLIP), vitamin D receptor (VDR) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) genes are significant contributors to susceptibility and disease severity in Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infection. Our aim is to explore the genomic diversity and haplotype frequency of these genes, as well as extrapolate possible association with markers of severity, between malaria-infected and healthy controls.
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