Association between short-term exposure to fine particulate matter and daily emergency room visits at a cardiovascular hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Background: It has been suggested that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) adversely affects cardiovascular health. However, the effect modifications by individual characteristics and season have been less studied in developing countries where PM levels are high.

Objectives: To estimate the risks of cardiovascular emergency room visits in relation to daily concentrations of PM and to assess how these associations can be modified by age, sex, and nutritional status of patients and by season.