A composite resin as an implant material in bone. Histologic, radiologic, microradiologic and oxytetracycline fluorescence examination of rats.

The potential of a bis-GMA composite resin as implant material in bone is evaluated. The material is claimed to have mechanical and physical properties superior to those of the bone cements used today. A groove made in the cortex of the tibia in 18 rats was filled with bis-GMA, while a similar groove was left empty in the contralateral tibia.

Experimental osteotomy fixed with a composite resin.

Some composite resins used in dentistry are claimed to have qualities superior to those of the commercial bone cements. A bis-GMA composite resin was used for the fixation of experimental tibial osteotomies in rats. The osteotomies were fixed with bis-GMA in 84 rats, while intramedullary nailing was used in 28 rats.

Pyogenic spondylitis.

During the period 1972-1974 10 patients suffering from pyogenic spondylitis have been treated at the Central Hospital of Middle Finland. Three of the patients had become acutely ill with septic fever and back pain. In the remaining cases the onset of the disease was insidious.

Catecholamines in shock.

The role of endogenous catecholamines in various clinical shock and stress states is reviewed; the effects, especially on the peripheral circulation, of catecholamine secretion are the same independent of the cause. Risks of using sympathomimetic agents in the treatment of shock are evaluated. A prolonged noradrenaline activity is to be expected in surgical stress states, e.

[Factors influencing the results in the treatment of patients with femoral neck fractures (author's transl)].

The results of 213 consecutive operatively treated patients with fractures of the femoral neck were evaluated. Especially the effects of improved operative technique, careful pre- and postoperative care and intensified rehabilitation were observed. The series consisted of 151 women and 62 men, 111 femoral neck fractures and 102 trochanteric fractures.

[Serum enzymes in seriously injured patients].

In 45 patients with multiple injuries due to trauma, admitted consecutively to our clinic, the following enzyme activities were studied, beginning at the onset of treatment: SDH, GPT, GLDH, and acid phosphatase. The mean levels of SDH rose in all patients between 2 and 24 h after trauma. The mean values of GPT were above normal between 2 and 48 h after trauma; this rise was more pronounced and statistically significant in those patients who eventually died of trauma than in the less severely injured ones.

Chloroquine treatment and bone changes in rheumatoid arthritis.

The effect of chloroquine on bone and articular cartilage was studied in 28 rheumatoid arthritis patients. After the administration of chloroquine for a minimum of 6 months, a metatarsal bone specimen was taken at operation. The control material consisted of 24 operated patients treated in the same way, except that they had not received chloroquine.

Etiological factors in osteochondritis dissecans. An experimental study into the etiological factors in osteochondritis dissecans in the canine humeral head using overloading with and without somatotropin and thyrotropin hormone treatment and mechanical trauma.

The overloaded humeral heads of the six growing Labrador retrievers treated with somatotropin and thyrotropin hormone showed the most pronounced changes of the articular cartilage and subchondral home, resembling changes in the early stage of spontaneous osteochondritis dissecans. The overloading alone used in 16 dogs without hormone treatment produced no changes, except that two Labrador retrievers showed increased radiodensity subchondrally during the first 4-6 weeks of the observation period. The mechanical traumas of the articular cartilage and the epiphyseal bone regenerated and did not result in changes resembling those of spontaneous osteochondritis dissecans.

Biochemical quantification of blunt injuries.

During eight post-traumatic days, the blood loss and severity of trauma were correlated with the blood levels of lactate, creatinine and catecholamines in 45 patients with multiple blunt injuries. During two days these biochemical indicators correlated with the extent of thoracoabdominal, pelvic and cerebral injuries. In the critically injured patients all three parameters were elevated throughout the observation period.

Plasma catecholamines in severely injured patients: a prospective study on 45 patients with multiple injuries.

Plasma catecholamine levels were studied in 45 severely injured patients for 8 days after the trauma. Sixteen of the patients were classified as critically injured and 29 as seriously injured. The total plasma catecholamine values of the whole group immediately after the injury were almost twice as high as the eighth day reference values and remained significantly higher than these values for 6 hours after the trauma.

Fat embolism in severely injured patients.

Forty-five patients with severe blunt injuries were examined during eight posttraumatic days. At random, 14 patients were given three doses of methylprednisolone intravenously; 10 mg/kg at 8-hour intervals. Fat embolism syndrome was diagnosed in 13/45 patients, only one of whom had received corticosteroid (p = 0.

Induced hypercapnia in experimental hemorrhagic shock.

The inhalation effect of a 90% oxygen and 10% carbon dioxide mixture was compared with pure oxygen inhalation in the treatment of rabbits, bled to a mean arterial pressure of 25 mmHg. A pronounced respiratory acidosis developed in the O-2-CO-2-treated rabbits. Both groups showed similar changes in the blood concentration of lactate and the base deficit values.

The effect of drug therapy without volume restoration in experimental traumatic shock. Part III. Glucocorticoid.

The effects of methylprednisolone in connexion with a standardized trauma was studied on 30 rabbits. The treatment with glucocorticoid accentuated the hemodilution due to the trauma. Intensified lactacidosis was also demonstrated.

The effect of drug therapy without volume restoration in experimental traumatic shock. Part II. Pethidine.

Different opinions seem to exist as to the use of analgesies in the treatment of trauma patients. For this reason we investigated experimentally the effect of pethidine in traumatic shock. Pethidine was administrated to eight of sixteen anaesthetized rabbits with lower limb injuries.

The effect of drug therapy without volume replacement in experimental traumatic shock. Part I. Phenoxybenzamine and dopamine.

The effect of phenoxybenzamine and dopamine on the respiratory and metabolic changes in experimental traumatic shock was examined in 45 rabbits. Phenoxybenzamine caused a more effective release of the peripheral vasoconstriction than dopamine. The effect of these drugs without similar restoration of blood volume was unfavourable.