Light-Reactive Norharmane Derivatization of Lipid Isomers by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

The lipidome, encompassing the comprehensive lipid fingerprint of a biological system, includes thousands of unique isomeric and isobaric lipid species. Mass spectrometry (MS) is an effective technique for characterizing the lipidome, although the resolution of isomeric lipid species through MS typically requires specialized or modified equipment. In this study, we introduce a novel matrix derivatization technique that leverages the unique photoreactive properties of unsaturated lipids to reveal the double-bond location in conventional matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) experiments.

The psbA ORF acts in cis to toggle HCF173 from an activator to a repressor for light-regulated psbA translation in plants.

The D1 subunit of photosystem II is subject to photooxidative damage. Photodamaged D1 must be replaced with nascent D1 to maintain photosynthesis. In plant chloroplasts, D1 photodamage regulates D1 synthesis by modulating translation initiation on psbA mRNA encoding D1.

Synthetic Lignin Oligomers: Analytical Techniques, Challenges, and Opportunities.

Lignin is the second most abundant renewable material after cellulose. However, its economic use is currently relegated to low-value energy production. This biomaterial holds great potential as a source of renewable biofuels, bio-based chemicals, advanced materials, and integrated biorefineries.

Utility of 28S Ribosomal RNA Gene Domains for Molecular Classification and Phylogeny of Rhinonyssid Mites.

The family Rhinonyssidae includes endoparasitic, blood-feeding mites that are parasitic on birds and that remain largely unstudied despite their potential role as vectors or reservoirs for various pathogens, like other Dermanyssoidea. Traditionally, the taxonomy of the group has been based on morphometric characteristics, which makes identification very difficult in many groups of closely related species. On the other hand, studies on the phylogenetic relationships within this group of mites have been neglected until the early years of the present century.

Developing and Validating an Automatic Support System for Tumor Coding in Pathology Reports in Spanish.

Purpose: Pathology reports provide valuable information for cancer registries to understand, plan, and implement strategies to mitigate the impact of cancer. However, coding essential information from unstructured reports is performed by experts in a time-consuming manual process. We developed and validated a novel two-step automatic coding system that first recognizes tumor morphology and topography mentions from free text and then suggests codes from the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) in Spanish.

NKG2D blockade impairs tissue-resident memory T cell accumulation and reduces chronic lung allograft dysfunction.

Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) substantially limits long-term survival following lung transplantation. To identify potential targets for CLAD prevention, T cells from explanted CLAD lungs and lung-draining lymph nodes, as well as diseased and nondiseased controls were isolated and single-cell RNA sequencing and TCR sequencing were performed. TCR sequencing revealed a clonally expanded population of CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) with high cytotoxic potential, including upregulation of KLRK1, encoding the co-receptor NKG2D.

Fecal Immunochemical Testing for Colorectal Cancer Prevention in Two Public Hospitals.

Introduction: The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is highly effective in reducing colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality, but patient adherence to the screening process remains questionable. We present preliminary findings from a quality improvement (QI) initiative, in order to assess screening adherence and findings.

Methods: All FIT specimens in a 30-month period were retrospectively examined.

An international perspective on the future of systemic sclerosis research.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) remains a challenging and enigmatic systemic autoimmune disease, owing to its complex pathogenesis, clinical and molecular heterogeneity, and the lack of effective disease-modifying treatments. Despite a century of research in SSc, the interconnections among microvascular dysfunction, autoimmune phenomena and tissue fibrosis in SSc remain unclear. The absence of validated biomarkers and reliable animal models complicates diagnosis and treatment, contributing to high morbidity and mortality.

Metabolic Singularities in Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer: Identifying Key Players in Immunosuppression to Improve the Immunotherapy Response.

Although immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is currently the standard of care in microsatellite-unstable (MSI) metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), ICI therapy, alone or in combination with other therapies, is not a treatment approach in microsatellite-stable (MSS) CRC, which is present in 95% of patients. In this review, we focus on metabolic singularities-at the transcriptomic (either bulk or single cell), proteomic, and post-translational modification levels-that induce immunosuppression in cancer and specifically in MSS CRC. First, we evaluate the current efficacy of ICIs in limited and metastatic disease in MSS CRC.

Regulation of lung progenitor plasticity and repair by fatty acid oxidation.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an age-related interstitial lung disease, characterized by inadequate alveolar regeneration and ectopic bronchiolization. While some molecular pathways regulating lung progenitor cells have been described, the role of metabolic pathways in alveolar regeneration is poorly understood. We report that expression of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) genes is significantly diminished in alveolar epithelial cells of IPF lungs by single-cell RNA sequencing and tissue staining.

Insect frass fertilizer as soil amendment for improved forage and soil health in circular systems.

Insect farming is expected to increase in coming years, thus generating high quantities of frass (insect excreta). Frass valorization hinges on basic agronomic research prior to industry upscaling. Here, we investigated soil physiochemical properties, SMAF (Soil Management Assessment Framework) soil health, CO efflux, and bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.

Smart interfaces to assist the operator in the context of industry 4.0 with a 5S human-centric approach.

This paper explores the integration of haptic gloves and virtual reality (VR) environments to enhance industrial training and operational efficiency within the framework of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0.

Factors associated with asthma symptoms in Colombian subpopulations aged 1 to 17 and 18 to 59: Secondary analysis of the study "Prevalence of asthma and other allergic diseases in Colombia 2009-2010".

Background: Asthma, a chronic inflammatory lung disease, is one of the leading causes of disability, demands on health resources, and poor quality of life. It is necessary to identify asthma-related risk factors to reduce the presence and development of symptoms.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the association of multiple possible factors with asthma symptoms in two subpopulations, children, adolescents, and adults, in six cities in Colombia.

Rehabilitation at Home Using Mobile Health for Older Adults Hospitalized for Ischemic Heart Disease: The RESILIENT Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Among older adults with ischemic heart disease, participation in traditional ambulatory cardiac rehabilitation (CR) remains low. While mobile health CR (mHealth-CR) provides a novel opportunity to deliver care, age-specific impairments to technology use may limit uptake, and efficacy data are currently lacking.

Objective: To test whether mHealth-CR improves functional capacity in older adults.

Association between demographic, clinical characteristics and severe complications by SARS-CoV-2 infection in a community-based healthcare network in Chile.

Background: Most of the evidence on risk factors for COVID-19 complications comes from North America or Europe with very little research from Latin-America. We aimed to evaluate the association between sociodemographic, clinical factors and the risk of COVID-19 complications among adults in Chile, the fifth Latin-American country with more COVID-19 reported cases since de beginning of the Pandemic.

Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study using data from electronic health records from a large Primary Care Network, linked to national hospital, immunization, Covid-19 PCR surveillance, mortality and birth records.

Safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells mitochondria transplantation as a cell-free therapy for osteoarthritis.

Objective: The inflammatory responses from synovial fibroblasts and macrophages and the mitochondrial dysfunction in chondrocytes lead to oxidative stress, disrupt extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis, and accelerate the deterioration process of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA). In recent years, it has been proposed that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) transfer their functional mitochondria to damaged cells in response to cellular stress, becoming one of the mechanisms underpinning their therapeutic effects. Therefore, we hypothesize that a novel cell-free treatment for OA could involve direct mitochondria transplantation, restoring both cellular and mitochondrial homeostasis.

Exploring Differences in Clinical Decisions Between Medical Students and Expert Clinicians.

Background: Numerous challenges exist in effectively bridging theory and practice in the teaching and assessment of clinical reasoning, despite an abundance of theoretical models. This study compares clinical reasoning practices and decisions between medical students and expert clinicians using a problem-solving framework from the learning sciences, which identifies clinical reasoning as distinct, observable actions in clinical case solving. We examined students at various training stages against expert clinicians to address the research question: How do expert clinicians and medical students differ in their practices and decisions during the diagnostic process?.

Estimating optimal temperature conditions for growth, development, and reproduction of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).

The yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L., is one of the most important industrialized insects worldwide. As a poikilotherm, T.

The Fifth Annual Symposium of the Midwest Aging Consortium.

As the healthcare burden caused by an increasingly aging population rapidly rises, a pressing need exists for innovative geroscience research that can elucidate aging mechanisms and precipitate the development of therapeutic interventions to support healthy aging. The Fifth Annual Midwest Aging Consortium Aging Research symposium, held from April 28 to 30, 2024, was hosted by The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio, and featured presentations from investigators across the Midwestern United States. This report summarizes the research presented at the symposium, whose topics included cellular senescence and the aging brain, metabolism and metabolic interventions, nutrition, redox mechanisms and biomarkers, and stress mechanisms.

Cardiac matrix-bound Nanovesicles provide insight into mechanisms of clinical heart disease progression to failure.

Aims: Remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for effective wound healing and maintaining organ homeostasis. The ECM of soft tissues, including cardiac, contains embedded nanovesicles; or matrix-bound nanovesicles (MBV). The luminal cargo of MBV consists of lipids, microRNAs (miRNAs), and proteins that influence the function of immune and stromal cells.

Multigenerational Rearing on Non-Prey Foods Does Not Affect Prey (Aphid) Recognition Behavior of (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).

The pink spotted lady beetle has been identified as a promising predator to mass rear and release into greenhouses and high tunnels to control aphids on small fruits and vegetables. This study tested the hypothesis that laboratory-reared . , without any exposure to aphids for multiple generations, could recognize, attack, and consume live aphids.