Publications by authors named "Roig-Rovira T"

Background: Visuo-spatial neglect predicts longer hospitalization, poorer recovery of motor skills and greater functional limitation. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether the combined administration of computerized cognitive rehabilitation with right hemifield eye-patching in patients with left spatial neglect following a right hemisphere stroke is more effective than computerized cognitive rehabilitation applied in isolation.

Method: Randomized clinical trial conducted in 28 patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Tham and Tegner proposed the Baking Tray Task (BTT) as a fast simple assessment test for detecting spatial negligence. However, very few studies have examined its validity as a diagnostic test.

Aim: To analyse the diagnostic validity of the BTT by measuring its specificity and sensitivity in a sample of subjects with right hemisphere strokes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Cerebral palsy is defined as a group of developmental disorders of movement and posture that causes social and cognitive deficits, emotional, and behavior disturbances.

Aim: To study the relationship between executive functioning and behavior in children with cerebral palsy from the answers given by parents and teachers on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and on the System Assessment Adaptive Behavior (ABAS-II).

Patients And Methods: The sample consisted on 46 children with CP with a mean age of 10.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Alternating hemiplegic of childhood is a predominantly sporadic neurodevelopmental syndrome of uncertain etiology, characterized by alternating transient attacks of hemiplegia. Additional features include tonic fits, dystonic posturing, ocular motor abnormalities and deficits in cognitive functioning.

Case Report: A girl of 7 years-old with alternating hemiplegic of childhood.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To assess whether, following a right-hemisphere stroke, the combined administration of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation and right hemifield eye-patching in patients with visuo-spatial neglect is more effective than computer-based cognitive rehabilitation alone.

Methods: Twelve patients were randomized into two treatment groups: a single treatment group (n = 7) and a combination treatment group (n = 5). In both cases, the treatment consisted of a mean number of 15 sessions, each lasting 1 hour.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Cerebral palsy is often accompanied by cognitive impairment affecting attention, visuoperception, executive functions and working memory. AIMS. To analyse the effect of cognitive stimulation treatment on the cognitive capabilities in children with cerebral palsy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: This paper presents the design, development and first evaluation of an algorithm, named Intelligent Therapy Assistant (ITA), which automatically selects, configures and schedules rehabilitation tasks for patients with cognitive impairments after an episode of Acquired Brain Injury. The ITA is integrated in "Guttmann, Neuro Personal Trainer" (GNPT), a cognitive tele-rehabilitation platform that provides neuropsychological services.

Methods: The ITA selects those tasks that are more suitable for the specific needs of each patient, considering previous experiences, and improving the personalization of the treatment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Persons who have suffered brain damage can experience a wide range of cognitive, behavioural and emotional disorders. However, neuropsychological rehabilitation usually focuses, almost exclusively, on the cognitive deficits and pays very little attention to the emotional challenges associated with the psychological impact of the lesion. It is in this more personal side of brain damage where neuropsychotherapy can be of great aid to facilitate the process of acceptance and adaptation following a neurological lesion.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: The decrease in the rate of mortality due to brain damage during the First World War resulted in a large number of veterans with neurological or neuropsychological sequelae. This situation, which was unknown up until then, called for the development of new therapeutic approaches to help them reach acceptable levels of autonomy.

Development: This article reviews the relationship between neuropsychological rehabilitation and warfare, and describes the contributions made by different professionals in this field in the two great conflicts of the 20th century.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of cognitive reserve in recovery after a moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Different authors proposed that this construct might account for the mismatch between TBI severity, its clinical expression, and subsequent recovery.

Patients And Method: Eighty-four patients who sustained moderate-to-severe TBI participated in the study.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Primary Objective: To examine the relationship between traditional executive function measures and everyday competence in Spanish-speaking individuals with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods And Procedures: Thirty-two TBI patients (24 men, eight women) with an age range of 17-59 years (mean age = 30.73 years; SD = 13.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The rate of recovery from the vegetative state (VS) is low. Currently, little is known of the mechanisms and cerebral changes that accompany those relatively rare cases of good recovery. Here, we combined functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to study the evolution of one VS patient at one month post-ictus and again twelve months later when he had recovered consciousness.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Executive functions are critical in our daily life. People with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often have difficulty functioning appropriately in everyday life. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between executive function and functional capacity after TBI.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The thalamus is known to play a key role in arousal regulation and support of human consciousness. Neuropathological studies have identified thalamic damage as one of the most common abnormalities present in the brains of patients who were in a vegetative state (VS) or a minimally-conscious state (MCS) state at the time of their deaths. Nonetheless, no in vivo studies of thalamic abnormalities in these patients have been conducted.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: The first five years of life are critical in the development of the executive functions. The changes that are seen to take place in executive competence and capacity are closely related to the maturational processes of the prefrontal cortex.

Development: Evidence gathered over the past three decades indicates that executive functioning begins to develop earlier than was previously believed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) may have an impairment in their decision-making. Altered decision making is a known cause of functional impairment in daily living activities and in the patient's autonomy, negatively contributing to their quality of life.

Objective: The current study assessed the decision-making capacity of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) compared to healthy control subjects.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Develop a classificatory tool to identify different populations of patients with Traumatic Brain Injury based on the characteristics of deficit and response to treatment.

Work Method: A KDD framework where first, descriptive statistics of every variable was done, data cleaning and selection of relevant variables. Then data was mined using a generalization of Clustering based on rules (CIBR), an hybrid AI and Statistics technique which combines inductive learning (AI) and clustering (Statistics).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cognitive dysfunction has been widely studied in multiple sclerosis (MS), however decision-making has been less investigated. The current study examined the decision-making processes of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) using a computerized version of the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). This task was applied to 18 patients with clinically diagnosed MS and 18 healthy control subjects matched for age, sex, and years of education.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Current models of the executive functions enable us to state that this construct embraces a large number of processes and sub processes that are in turn linked to different regions of the brain, and more specifically to the prefrontal cortex. Recent data suggest that different areas of the prefrontal cortex may be involved in a number of aspects related to executive functioning.

Development: The aim of this article is to review the most important models of executive functioning in order to shed light on this controversial construct.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: As human beings we are capable of coping with novel situations and adapting to changes in a flexible manner. The cognitive skills that allow individuals to control and regulate their behaviour are called executive functions. Anatomically, the executive functions depend on a distributed neural system, in which the prefrontal cortex plays an essential role.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Working memory is frequently impaired after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present study aimed to investigate working memory deficits in patients with diffuse axonal injury and to determine the contribution of cerebral activation dysfunctions to them. Eighteen patients with severe TBI and 14 healthy controls matched for age and gender were included in the study.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Patients with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) may show impairment in decision- making processes. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) has become a widely used neuropsychological research tool to investigate decision-making by simulating real-life decision-making in terms of uncertainty, reward, and punishment.

Objective: Investigate decision-making in patients with moderate or severe TBI during performance of the IGT, and study patient's conscious knowledge of the task's reinforcement contingencies (reward/punishment schedule).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Primary Objective: To determine the neuropsychological profile of persons with anoxic brain injury.

Methods And Procedures: A retrospective study on a population of persons with anoxic brain injury admitted to a Brain Injury Unit (Institut Guttmann, Spain) from 1995-2003. The sample was divided according to physiopathological mechanisms in two sub-groups: ischemic anoxia (21 cases) and hypoxemic anoxia (11 cases).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF