Nanoencapsulation of vitamin B using chitosan-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro studies on simulated gastrointestinal stability and delivery.

Vitamin B, or riboflavin, is essential for maintaining healthy cellular metabolism and function. However, its light sensitivity, poor water solubility, and gastrointestinal barriers limit its storage, delivery, and absorption. Selecting suitable nanomaterials for encapsulating vitamin B is crucial to overcoming these challenges.

In-depth mass-spectrometry reveals phospho-RAB12 as a blood biomarker of G2019S LRRK2-driven Parkinson's disease.

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) inhibition is a promising disease-modifying therapy for LRRK2-associated Parkinson's disease (L2PD) and idiopathic PD (iPD). However, pharmaco-dynamic readouts and progression biomarkers for clinical trials aiming for disease modification are insufficient since no endogenous marker reflecting enhanced kinase activity of the most common LRRK2 G2019S mutation has been reported yet in L2PD patients. Employing phospho-/proteomic analyses we assessed the impact that LRRK2 activating mutations had in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from a LRRK2 clinical cohort from Spain (n=174).

Influence of trap type on the captures of Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae): trials from different European countries.

The spongy moth, Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Eribidae), is a serious pest of deciduous forests and causes widespread defoliation. Despite this, few studies have evaluated the wide-ranging surveillance of adult male L.

Priming Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Lipopolysaccharide Boosts the Immunomodulatory and Regenerative Activity of Secreted Extracellular Vesicles.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed as an alternative to live-cell administration for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). MSC-EVs can be chiefly influenced by the environment to which the MSCs are exposed. Here, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) priming of MSCs was used as a strategy to boost the natural therapeutic potential of the EVs in acute lung injury (ALI).

In situ shaping of intricated 3D bacterial cellulose constructs using sacrificial agarose and diverted oxygen inflow.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is gathering increased attention due to its remarkable physico-chemical features. The high biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, and mechanical and thermal stability endorse BC as a suitable candidate for biomedical applications. Nonetheless, exploiting BC for tissue regeneration demands three-dimensional, intricately shaped implants, a highly ambitious endeavor.

Necroptosis induced by ruthenium (II) complexes as mitochondrial disruptors.

Inducing necroptosis in cancer cells has emerged as an effective strategy to overcome drug resistance. However, while organic small molecules have been extensively studied for this purpose, metal-based compounds have received relatively little attention as triggers of necroptosis. The development of ruthenium (II) hybrid compounds, particularly those containing triazene (Ru-TRZ), highlights a novel avenue for modulating necroptotic cell death.

Superior capsular reconstruction with the long head of the biceps tendon achieves excellent clinical results and low rotator cuff rerupture rates one year after cuff repair surgery.

Purpose: To analyze the clinical one-year evolution of healed and rerupture lesions in patients who received a rotator cuff repair plus Superior Capsular Reconstruction (SCR) with the long head of the biceps (LHB). Moreover, to compare this evolution between men and women.

Methods: A pilot study was conducted on patients who underwent a rotator cuff repair plus SCR with LHB between February 2021 and June 2022.

Current Strategies for Treatment of Mandibular Fractures With Plate Osteosynthesis: A European Prospective Study.

Purpose: The training and preferences of surgeons influence the type of surgical treatment for mandibular fractures. This multicentre prospective study analyzed the current treatment strategies and outcomes for mandibular fractures with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).

Material And Methods: This prospective study included patients aged ≥16 years who underwent ORIF for mandibular fractures in 12 European maxillofacial centers.

Biobased Imine Vitrimers Obtained by Photo and Thermal Curing Procedures-Promising Materials for 3D Printing.

Imine-based vitrimers were prepared from synthesized diimine-dimethacrylate monomer derived from biobased vanillin. First, a methacrylate derivative starting from vanillin was synthesized. The diimine derivative was synthesized by condensation of the aldehyde groups from two vanillin methacrylate units with the amine groups of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA).

The European Polysaccharide Network of Excellence (EPNOE) research roadmap 2040: Advanced strategies for exploiting the vast potential of polysaccharides as renewable bioresources.

Polysaccharides are among the most abundant bioresources on earth and consequently need to play a pivotal role when addressing existential scientific challenges like climate change and the shift from fossil-based to sustainable biobased materials. The Research Roadmap 2040 of the European Polysaccharide Network of Excellence (EPNOE) provides an expert's view on how future research and development strategies need to evolve to fully exploit the vast potential of polysaccharides as renewable bioresources. It is addressed to academic researchers, companies, as well as policymakers and covers five strategic areas that are of great importance in the context of polysaccharide related research: (I) Materials & Engineering, (II) Food & Nutrition, (III) Biomedical Applications, (IV) Chemistry, Biology & Physics, and (V) Skills & Education.

Astrocytes: Role in pathogenesis and effect of commonly misused drugs in the HIV infected brain.

The roles of astrocytes as reservoirs and producers of a subset of viral proteins in the HIV infected brain have been studied extensively as a key to understanding HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). However, their comprehensive role in the context of intersecting substance use and neurocircuitry of the reward pathway and HAND has yet to be fully explained. Use of methamphetamines, cocaine, or opioids in the context of HIV infection have been shown to lead to a faster progression of HAND.

Cell-Laden 3D Hydrogels of Type I Collagen Incorporating Bacterial Nanocellulose Fibers.

There is a growing interest in developing natural hydrogel-based scaffolds to culture cells in a three-dimensional (3D) millieu that better mimics the cells' microenvironment. A promising approach is to use hydrogels from animal tissues, such as decellularized extracellular matrices; however, they usually exhibit suboptimal mechanical properties compared to native tissue and their composition with hundreds of different protein complicates to elucidate which stimulus triggers cell's responses. As simpler scaffolds, type I collagen hydrogels are used to study cell behavior in mechanobiology even though they are also softer than native tissues.

CeZrO nanoparticles in bacterial cellulose, bio-based composites with self-regenerating antioxidant capabilities.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an emerging biopolymer with ever-widening uses in the biomedical field due to its purity, mechanical stability, conformability, moisture control, and biocompatibility. In the wet form, its highly porous nanofibrillar structure and abundant surface hydroxyl groups enable the functionalisation of BC with inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), granting the material additional purposive capabilities. As oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) negatively affects various cellular structures, the functionalisation of BC with CeO NPs, known antioxidants, is pursued in this work to achieve composites capable of minimising inflammation and tissue damage.

Efficacy of Co-Medications in Patients with Alcoholic Liver Disease.

Background: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is still increasing and leads to acute liver injury but also liver cirrhosis and subsequent complications such as liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As most patients fail to achieve alcohol abstinence, it is essential to identify alternative treatment options in order to improve the outcome of ALD patients.

Methods: Evaluating two large cohorts of patients with ALD from the USA and Korea with a total of 12,006 patients, we investigated the effect on survival of aspirin, metformin, metoprolol, dopamine, and dobutamine drugs in patients with ALD between 2000 and 2020.

Manual versus rigid intraoperative maxillo-mandibular fixation in the surgical management of mandibular fractures: A European prospective analysis.

Purpose: Intraoperative stabilisation of bony fragments with maxillo-mandibular fixation (MMF) is an essential step in the surgical treatment of mandibular fractures that are treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The MMF can be performed with or without wire-based methods, rigid or manual MMF, respectively. The aim of this study was to compare the use of manual versus rigid MMF, in terms of occlusal outcomes and infective complications.

The Role of Cell Cycle Arrest Biomarkers for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Multicenter, Observational Study.

Objectives: Patients with COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have a high risk for developing acute kidney injury (AKI) which is associated with an increased risk of death and persistent renal failure. Early prediction of AKI is crucial in order to implement preventive strategies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive performance of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 and insulin like growth factor binding protein 7 (TIMP-2) × (IGFBP7) in critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS.

Bioengineered extracellular vesicles: future of precision medicine for sepsis.

Sepsis is a syndromic response to infection and is frequently a final common pathway to death from many infectious diseases worldwide. The complexity and high heterogeneity of sepsis hinder the possibility to treat all patients with the same protocol, requiring personalized management. The versatility of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their contribution to sepsis progression bring along promises for one-to-one tailoring sepsis treatment and diagnosis.

European multicenter prospective analysis of the use of maxillomandibular fixation for mandibular fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation.

Introduction: The goal of mandibular fracture treatment is to restore static and dynamic occlusal functions. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of these fractures can be associated with an intraoperative and/or postoperative maxillo-mandibular fixation (MMF). The aim of this study was to analyse the use of perioperative MMF and its effects on occlusal outcomes in the management of mandibular fractures.