Single-dose oral ciprofloxacin plus parenteral metronidazole for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in colorectal surgery.

From 1983 until 1990 our standard antibiotic prophylaxis in colorectal surgery has been 80 mg gentamicin plus 500 mg metronidazole, both administered intravenously at the beginning of anesthesia, and then 80 mg gentamicin every 8 h for 3 days. In this time period, 718 patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery by abdominal approach were treated with this prophylactic procedure. The mean wound infection rate was 13.

Penetration of ciprofloxacin and metabolites into human lung, bronchial and pleural tissue after 250 and 500 mg oral ciprofloxacin.

Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and metabolite concentrations in lung tissue, parietal pleura and bronchial tissue were assessed in 43 adult patients who underwent lung surgery. A single oral dose of CIP was given for prophylaxis of bacterial infections. Two to 6 h prior to tissues sampling, 23 patients received 250 mg and 20 subjects 500 mg of the substance.

Transintestinal elimination of ciprofloxacin.

This study identified the routes of elimination of ciprofloxacin in two groups of five subjects each: one of healthy volunteers; the other of patients with severe renal failure having mean creatinine clearance of 12 ml/min (range, 8-16 ml/min). Each subject received one dose of 200 mg ciprofloxacin infused intravenously (IV) over 30 min. In an effort to recover the total drug administered, all urine and feces were collected for 7 days following dosing.

Transintestinal elimination of ciprofloxacin.

This study elucidates the routes of elimination of ciprofloxacin and its metabolites in two groups of 5 subjects each, one of healthy volunteers, the other of patients with severe renal failure having a creatinine clearance of 12 ml/min (range 8-16 ml/min). Each subject received one dose of 200 mg ciprofloxacin infused intravenously over 30 min. In an effort to recover the total dose administered, all urine and faeces were collected for the 7 days following dosing.

Elimination of ciprofloxacin and three major metabolites and consequences of reduced renal function.

The pharmacokinetics and elimination of ciprofloxacin and its three major metabolites desethylene ciprofloxacin (M1), sulfonylciprofloxacin (M2), and oxociprofloxacin (M3) were determined in 18 volunteers with normal and varying degrees of reduced renal functions. One dose of 500 mg ciprofloxacin was given orally. Samples were assayed by high-pressure liquid chromatography.

Tolerance of intravenously administered ciprofloxacin.

Twelve healthy volunteers received single doses of 200, 300, and 400 mg ciprofloxacin intravenously (30-min infusion). Crystals appeared in the urine of only 1 subject after the 400 mg dose. The crystals appeared in the 0-2 h urine specimen only and were observed immediately upon voiding while the urine was maintained at 37 degrees C.

Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin.

The fluorination of piperazinyl substituted quinolones has led to an interesting development of a series of new broad spectrum antibacterial agents that may be administered orally as well as parenterally and are well tolerated. Norfloxacin was an early compound, later followed by ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin and pefloxacin. In this overview the emphasis will be on the most extensively studied compound including comparisons, where data are available, with norfloxacin and ofloxacin.

Tolerance of ciprofloxacin at injection site, systemic safety and effect on electroencephalogram.

The safety of ciprofloxacin, given via 30- and 60-min intravenous infusions at a dose of 300 mg every 12 h for 4 days, was studied in 12 healthy subjects (6 females, 6 males). Local effects of the drug were assessed by frequent examination at the infusion site while systemic safety was determined by haematological and biochemical tests and by careful microscopic examination of the urine for drug crystals and by electroencephalographic studies performed in all subjects before and after dosing. At the site of infusion erythema, itching and a burning sensation developed 10-15 min after onset of infusion in some subjects.

Nine months' subcutaneous therapy with synthetic growth hormone releasing factor in children with short stature.

The growth promoting potential of GRF(1-29)NH2 was studied in nine boys with short stature over three periods of 3 months. Their short stature was due to partial hGH deficiency/hGH neurosecretory dysfunction and was diagnosed by arginine and insulin stimulation tests and hGH nocturnal profiles. Four patients (Group I) were given GRF, 3-4 micrograms/kg s.

Crystalluria and ciprofloxacin, influence of urinary pH and hydration.

Ciprofloxacin is one of the newer 4-quinolones. It combines a high antibacterial activity and a broad spectrum with favourable pharmacokinetic properties. The present study was designed to detect the influence of urinary pH and fluid consumption on crystalluria.

Treatment of tinea corporis or tinea cruris with bifonazole 1% gel: an open, multicentre study.

An open, multicentre study was carried out in 103 patients with confirmed dermatophyte infections (tinea cruris or tinea corporis). The fungi isolated were Tr. rubrum (45), Tr.

Treatment of superficial candidiasis with bifonazole 1% gel.

Sixty-one patients with superficial candidiasis, confirmed on entry by clinical examination and mycological culture, were treated with a single daily application of a 1% bifonazole gel over a period of 4 weeks. Patients were seen every week during treatment and then followed-up for 2 weeks. An overall assessment of response to treatment, based on the clinical and mycological culture findings at the 14-day follow-up visit, showed that the results were very good in 49 and moderate in 9 patients, with only 3 patients being considered as failing to respond.

Prophylaxis of tinea pedis interdigitalis with bifonazole, 1% powder.

With the objectives of determining the effectiveness of bifonazole 1% powder in the prophylactic treatment of tinea pedis interdigitalis and its local tolerance, 200 patients who achieved clinical and mycological cure in another previous trial with bifonazole 1% gel, and who were also reliable in the compliance of the treatment, were included in this study. Informed consent was requested and obtained in each case. This was a multicenter, double-blind, controlled and comparative study of one group (100 patients) treated with bifonazole verum against another group (100 patients) treated with bifonazole placebo.

Treatment of tinea pedis interdigitalis with bifonazole, 1% gel.

329 adult patients with tinea pedis interdigitalis, which clinical diagnosis was confirmed by positive direct microscopic examinations and cultures of organisms from the lesions, were enrolled in this open and multicentric study. Informed consent was requested and obtained in each case. The bifonazole, 1% gel, tested was applied topically once daily for 3 weeks.

Long-term effectiveness of BAY e 5009-nitrendipine in the treatment of mild and moderate arterial hypertension.

Thirty-seven white patients of both sexes were studied to determine the efficacy and tolerance of nitrendipine for long ambulatory treatment in patients suffering from mild to moderate essential arterial hypertension whose response to the drug had been effective in a previous study. They all suffered from mild essential arterial hypertension, with diastolic arterial blood pressure (DBP) of 95-104 mm Hg, and moderate arterial hypertension with DBP of 105-114 mm Hg, in WHO Stage I or II, according to the clinical, radiological, electrocardiographic, and ophthalmoscopic examinations. In a previous study, all of them had been subjected to tensional controls, performed hourly during an 8-h period to assess their hypertension.

Enrichment in spontaneous and complement dependent rosette forming cell populations using Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation.

Peripheral blood human T (TL) and B (BL) lymphocytes were separated by continuous Ficoll-Hypaque (FH) gradients. BL were found at the 1050 density interfase (70.5% EAC rosettes) with no TL (0% EAC rosettes); while at the 1068 density interfase there was an enrichment of TL (68% E rosettes) with very few BL (8.