Distinct functions of the dual leucine zipper kinase depending on its subcellular localization.

The dual leucine zipper kinase DLK induces β-cell apoptosis by inhibiting the transcriptional activity conferred by the β-cell protective transcription factor cAMP response element binding protein CREB. This action might contribute to β-cell loss and ultimately diabetes. Within its kinase domain DLK shares high homology with the mixed lineage kinase (MLK) 3, which is activated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α and interleukin (IL)-1β, known prediabetic signals.

Transcriptional Pathways in cPGI2-Induced Adipocyte Progenitor Activation for Browning.

De novo formation of beige/brite adipocytes from progenitor cells contributes to the thermogenic adaptation of adipose tissue and holds great potential for the therapeutic remodeling of fat as a treatment for obesity. Despite the recent identification of several factors regulating browning of white fat, there is a lack of physiological cell models for the mechanistic investigation of progenitor-mediated beige/brite differentiation. We have previously revealed prostacyclin (PGI2) as one of the few known endogenous extracellular mediators promoting de novo beige/brite formation by relaying β-adrenergic stimulation to the progenitor level.

The modulatory effect of lithium on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rat.

Doxorubicin is an effective anti-neoplastic agent application of which has been limited due to its cardiotoxic side effects. Lithium is widely used for treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in bipolar disorders. Lines of evidence point to the cardioprotective effects of lithium against heart injuries.