Feeding a Fermentation Product to Mares in Late Gestation Alters the Biological Activity of Colostrum.

The quality of equine colostrum is typically defined by refractometry or the concentration of maternal antibodies. However, the activity of other equine colostral bioactive molecules has not yet been investigated. This study analyzed whether the administration of a fermentation product (SCFP) influences the biological activity of mare colostrum and whether the biological activity of colostrum has a lasting immunomodulating effect for foals.

Persistence of Infectious Canine Distemper Virus in Murine Xenotransplants of Canine Histiocytic Sarcoma Cells after Intratumoral Application.

Oncolytic viruses and morbilliviruses in particular, represent an interesting therapeutic approach for tumors with a poor prognosis and frequent resistance to conventional therapies. Canine histiocytic sarcomas (HS) exemplify such a neoplasm in need for new curative approaches. Previous investigations demonstrated a limited success of an acute intratumoral application of canine distemper virus (CDV) on xenotransplanted canine histiocytic sarcoma cells (DH82 cells), while persistently CDV-infected DH82 cell transplants exhibited a complete spontaneous regression.

Risk assessment in equine anesthesia: a first evaluation of the usability, utility and predictivity of the two-part CHARIOT.

Introduction: An accurate risk score that can predict peri-anesthetic morbidity and mortality in equine patients could improve peri-operative management, outcome and client communication.

Materials And Methods: Three hunded horses underwent pre-anesthetic risk assessment using the American Society of Anesthesiologists-Physical Status augmented with equine-specific diseases (ASA-PS-Equine), a multifactorial 10-part rubric risk scale (10-RS), and a combination of both, the Combined horse anesthetic risk identification and optimization tool (CHARIOT). Intra-and post-anesthetic complications, the recovery phase and mortality were recorded over a period of 7 days following general anesthesia.

Detection of to identify persistently contaminated locations using faecal and environmental samples in broiler houses of clinically healthy flocks.

Worldwide outbreaks make infections with pathogenic strains of (EC) one of the most important diseases in the broiler industry. Although research has increased knowledge about the pathogen, the transmission is not fully understood. Samples from different locations were collected from two broiler farms in Germany over a total of six production cycles.

Success rates and factors influencing pregnancy outcome after 464 transvaginal ultrasound-guided twin reductions in the mare.

Background: Transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration (TUA) is used for post-fixation twin reduction in mares. However, there is limited information regarding factors that influence pregnancy outcome after TUA.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of day of gestation on which TUA is performed, aspiration volume, puncture of the conceptus, medication administered before and after TUA, embryo location, mare age and parity and operator experience on pregnancy and foaling rates after TUA.

Measuring Veterinarian Professions' Readiness for Interprofessional Learning in a Pre- and Post-Intervention Study.

The integration of interprofessional collaboration is becoming increasingly crucial in veterinary care settings, emphasising the need for interprofessional education (IPE) in veterinary programmes. This study explores the readiness for interprofessional learning among German veterinary students, apprentices and related occupations before and after an interprofessional communication course. It assesses the impact of this course on the participants' attitudes using the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS).

Age and treatment on the day of embryo transfer in recipient mares affect likelihood of pregnancy.

Objective: This retrospective evaluation of data from a large commercial embryo transfer facility aimed to determine the extent to which age and treatment on the day of embryo transfer in recipient mares influence the likelihood of pregnancy.

Material And Methods: Embryo recovery was carried out on days 8-10 post-ovulation using transcervical uterine flushing. Recipient mares grouped according to their age were treated once on the day of embryo transfer (Day 3-8 post ovulation) and were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 groups: Mares in Group A (n=101) received antispasmodic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Equity-related 'knots' in theory of change development: Conceptualization and case illustrations.

Theory of change (ToC) is an approach widely used to guide planning, implementing, and evaluating change initiatives. While there is substantial guidance, there has been little attention on equity within ToC research and practice. We propose and illustrate the metaphor of 'knots' to frame practical and ethical challenges that arise when centering equity within ToC processes.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the thyroid gland in healthy dogs, hypothyroid dogs and dogs with non-thyroidal illness.

Diagnosis of canine hypothyroidism remains challenging, as non-thyroidal illness (NTI)-syndrome and medical treatment can influence thyroid hormone concentrations. Conventional ultrasound may give additional hints, however high interobserver variability has been described. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) allows detection of changes in tissue perfusion.

Rapid Diagnostic of in Necropsy Samples of Pigs by -Based Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay.

() presents a serious threat to the pig industry as well as food safety and public health. Although several LAMP assays have been developed for the identification of , no universal assay is so far available for the field-suitable examination of clinical pig specimens. Based on the housekeeping gene, a new loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed and validated for the detection of in the brain and joints of pigs.

Alpha Antagonist Vatinoxan Does Not Abolish the Preconditioning Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Experimental Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Equine Small Intestine.

Pharmacological preconditioning with dexmedetomidine has been shown to ameliorate intestinal ischaemia reperfusion injury in different species, including horses. However, it remains unknown if this effect is related to alpha adrenoreceptor activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of dexmedetomidine preconditioning with and without the administration of the peripheral alpha antagonist vatinoxan.

Hippocampal expression of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 in canine epilepsy.

Canine drug-resistant epilepsy is a prevailing issue in veterinary neurology. Alternative or additional treatment with cannabinoids is showing promising results in seizure management. A crucial component of the endocannabinoid system, cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R), is heavily involved in the control of neurotransmitter release.

Effect of Acetylsalicylic Acid on Uterine Blood Flow, Gestation Length, Foal Birth Weight and Placental Weight in Pregnant Thoroughbred Mares - A Clinical Pilot Study.

The aim of this double-blinded placebo-controlled study was to investigate the effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on uterine blood flow, gestation length, placental and foal weights in pregnant mares. Sixteen Thoroughbred mares of different age (13.3 ± 4.

Connexin43 represents an important regulator for Sertoli cell morphology, Sertoli cell nuclear ultrastructure, and Sertoli cell maturation.

The Sertoli cell (SC)-specific knockout (KO) of connexin43 (Cx43) was shown to be an effector of multiple histological changes in tubular morphology, resulting in germ cell loss through to a Sertoli-cell-only (SCO) phenotype and vacuolated seminiferous tubules containing SC-clusters. Our present study focused on the effects of Cx43 loss on SC ultrastructure. Using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM), we could confirm previous results.

Evaluation of new and old biomarkers in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease.

Background: Dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease are commonly presented to small animal clinicians. Diagnosis, clinical staging, and therapeutic design are based on a combination of clinical examination, radiography, and echocardiography. To support diagnosis and clinical monitoring, a multi-marker-based approach would be conceivable.

Persistent Infection of a Canine Histiocytic Sarcoma Cell Line with Attenuated Canine Distemper Virus Expressing Vasostatin or Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor.

Canine histiocytic sarcoma (HS) represents a neoplasia with poor prognosis. Due to the high metastatic rate of HS, there is urgency to improve treatment options and to prevent tumor metastases. Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a single-stranded negative-sense RNA (ssRNA (-)) virus with potentially oncolytic properties.

Effects of Different Formulations of Glyphosate on Rumen Microbial Metabolism and Bacterial Community Composition in the Rumen Simulation Technique System.

The use of the herbicide glyphosate and its formulations on protein-rich feedstuff for cattle leads to a considerable intake of glyphosate into the rumen of the animals, where glyphosate may potentially impair the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate pathway of the commensal microbiota, which could cause dysbiosis or proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms. Here, we evaluated the effects of pure glyphosate and the formulations Durano TF and Roundup LB plus in different concentrations on the fermentation pattern, community composition and metabolic activity of the rumen microbiota using the Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC). Application of the compounds in three concentrations (0.

NSG-Mice Reveal the Importance of a Functional Innate and Adaptive Immune Response to Overcome RVFV Infection.

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic disease caused by RVF Phlebovirus (RVFV). The RVFV MP-12 vaccine strain is known to exhibit residual virulence in the case of a deficient interferon type 1 response. The hypothesis of this study is that virus replication and severity of lesions induced by the MP-12 strain in immunocompromised mice depend on the specific function of the disturbed pathway.

Th17 cell-mediated immune response in a subpopulation of dogs with idiopathic epilepsy.

Background: Canine idiopathic epilepsy (IE) is a common neurological disease with severe impact on the owner´s and the dog's quality of life. A subpopulation of dogs with IE does not respond to antiseizure drugs (non-responder). Th17 cells (T helper cells) and their proinflammatory Interleukin-17 (IL-17) are part of the immune system and previous studies showed their involvement in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases.

Measurement of canine Th17 cells by flow cytometry.

Th17 cells are T helper cells which play an important role during inflammation and autoimmune disease. To investigate the role of these cells in diseases in dogs in a clinical setting, methods for fast identification had to be established. Th17 cells are a rare cell population, for their measurement stimulation is recommended.

Evaluation of the involvement of Th17-cells in the pathogenesis of canine spinal cord injury.

Intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) is a frequently occurring neurological disease of dogs and the most common reason for spinal cord injury (SCI). Clinical signs are variable thus a reliable prognosis is crucial for further treatment decisions. Currently, the prognosis of IVDH primarily depends on presence or absence of deep pain perception.

Antibiotic Usage Pattern in Broiler Chicken Flocks in Germany.

In this work, antimicrobial usage data from 2,546 commercial broiler chicken flocks originating from 37 farms are presented. Antimicrobial usage data at the flock level were based on mandatory documentation of antibiotic treatments in livestock in Germany, collected retrospectively for the time period of 2013-2018. The data encompasses all antimicrobial treatments during the fattening period of each flock, starting with the placement of day-old chicks at the barn.

Double-edged effects of tamoxifen-in-oil-gavage on an infectious murine model for multiple sclerosis.

Tamoxifen gavage is a commonly used method to induce genetic modifications in cre-loxP systems. As a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), the compound is known to have immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties in non-infectious central nervous system (CNS) disorders. It can even cause complete prevention of lesion development as seen in experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE).

An investigation on the relevance of prolactin, insulin-like growth factor-1 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD ) in canine benign prostatic hyperplasia in a predisposed breed model.

Serum concentrations of prolactin (PRL), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD ) were analysed to investigate their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). For this, dogs of the Rhodesian Ridgeback (RR) breed were used because of a verified breed disposition for the development of BPH. Labrador Retrievers (LR) served as controls.