Stem Cells: Therapeutic Implications in Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Resistance in Cancer Therapy.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are transformed forms of normal stem cells within heterogeneous mixture of cancer cells. These are mainly responsible for the recurrence of cancer after treatment because of their ability to develop resistance against chemo and radiotherapy due to various factors such as activation of signalling pathways important for self-renewal, DNA repair capacity, microenvironment and expression of ABC transporters. Targeting these mechanisms as potential factors can eliminate CSCs, which eventually decreases cancer recurrence.

Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots Functionalized by Poly L-Lysine: Efficient Material for Antibacterial, Bioimaging and Antiangiogenesis Applications.

This study illustrates the synthesis of functionalized carbon quantum dots (CQDs) by the one-pot pyrolysis method. The functionalization agent used in CQD synthesis was poly l- lysine (PLL). Various physicochemical techniques were employed to confirm the successful formation of PLLCQD including High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy; Atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Advantages of nanofibrous membranes for culturing of primary RPE cells compared to commercial scaffolds.

Purpose: Dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) causes numerous forms of retinal degeneration. RPE replacement is a modern option to save vision. We aimed to test the results of transplanting cultured RPEs on biocompatible membranes.

Advancement in Nanostructure-Based Tissue-Engineered Biomaterials for Retinal Degenerative Diseases.

The review intends to overview a wide range of nanostructured natural, synthetic and biological membrane implants for tissue engineering to help in retinal degenerative diseases. Herein, we discuss the transplantation strategies and the new development of material in combination with cells such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), mature retinal cells, adult stem cells, retinal progenitors, fetal retinal cells, or retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) sheets, etc. to be delivered into the subretinal space.

Bioink: a 3D-bioprinting tool for anticancer drug discovery and cancer management.

'Bioinks' are important tools for the fabrication of artificial living-tissue constructs that are able to mimic all properties of native tissues via 3D bioprinting technologies. Bioinks are most commonly made by incorporating live cells of interest within a natural or synthetic biocompatible polymeric matrix. In oncology research, the ability to recreate a tumor microenvironment (TME) using by 3D bioprinting constitutes a promising approach for drug development, screening, and in vitro cancer modeling.

Correction: Self-assembly of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-dextran bio-nanoconjugate: structural, antioxidant and wound healing studies.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D0RA09301G.].

Self-assembly of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-dextran bio-nanoconjugate: structural, antioxidant and wound healing studies.

Glycation of proteins is often considered as a method to improve their functional properties for promising applications in wound healing. Furthermore, a marked increase in percentage of radical scavenging activity of the conjugates makes it an effective antioxidant synthetic strategy. A simple conjugation process was employed to develop bovine serum albumin-dextran conjugates (BSA-dextran) using Maillard reaction.

Polyethylenimine based magnetic nanoparticles mediated non-viral CRISPR/Cas9 system for genome editing.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas9) system has become a revolutionary tool for gene editing. Since viral delivery systems have significant side effects, and naked DNA delivery is not an option, the nontoxic, non-viral delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 components would significantly improve future therapeutic delivery. In this study, we aim at characterizing nanoparticles to deliver plasmid DNA encoding for the CRISPR-Cas system in eukaryotic cells in vitro.