Interplay between signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins and cancer: involvement, therapeutic and prognostic perspective.

Signal transducers and activators of transcription or STAT are proteins that consist of various transcription factors that are responsible for activating genes regarding cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. They commonly activate several cytokine, growth, or hormone factors via the JAK-STAT signaling pathway by tyrosine phosphorylation which are responsible for giving rise to numerous immune responses. Mutations within the Janus-Kinases (JAKs) or the STATs can set off the commencement of various malfunctions of the immune system of the body; carcinogenesis being an inevitable outcome.

Diospyros malabarica fruit preparation mediates immunotherapeutic modulation and epigenetic regulation to evoke protection against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Diospyros malabarica is an ethnomedicinal plant with hypoglycaemic, anti-bacterial, and anti-cancer properties and it belongs to the Ebenaceae family which is well known for its medicinal uses since ancient times and application of its bark and unripened fruit has been significantly mentioned in Ayurvedic texts. The Diospyros malabarica species which is known as the Gaub in Hindi and Indian Persimmon in English is native to India, however, it is distributed throughout the tropics.

Aim Of The Study: As Diospyros malabarica fruit preparation (DFP) possesses medicinal values, the study aims to evaluate its role as natural, non-toxic, and cost-effective dendritic cells (DCs) maturing immunomodulatory agent and also as an epigenetic regulator to combat Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) which is a type of lung cancer whose treatment options such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, etc.

Efficacy and safety of neural stem cell therapy for spinal cord injury: A systematic literature review.

Aims: To summarize the evidence on the efficacy and safety of neural stem cell therapy (NSCT) for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: A systematic literature review of Medline®, EMBASE® and Cochrane library was performed to identify studies reporting efficacy and safety of NSCT in SCI. Articles were included if they reported efficacy and safety data of SCI patients who received NSCT.