Integrin-linked kinase-frizzled 7 interaction maintains cancer stem cells to drive platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.

Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy regimens are a mainstay in the management of ovarian cancer (OC), but emergence of chemoresistance poses a significant clinical challenge. The persistence of ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) at the end of primary treatment contributes to disease recurrence. Here, we hypothesized that the extracellular matrix protects CSCs during chemotherapy and supports their tumorigenic functions by activating integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a key enzyme in drug resistance.

Integrin-linked kinase-frizzled 7 interaction maintains cancer stem cells to drive platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.

Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy regimens are a mainstay in the management of ovarian cancer (OC), but emergence of chemoresistance poses a significant clinical challenge. The persistence of ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) at the end of primary treatment contributes to disease recurrence. Here, we hypothesized that the extracellular matrix protects CSCs during chemotherapy and supports their tumorigenic functions by activating integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a key enzyme in drug resistance.

LASP-1 interacts with ErbB2 in ovarian cancer cells.

LASP-1 was identified as a protein following mass spectrometric analysis of phosphoproteins consequent to signaling by ErbB2 in SKOV-3 cells. It has been previously identified as an oncogene and is located on chromosomal arm 17q 0.76 Mb centromeric to ErbB2.

The hedgehog pathway regulates cancer stem cells in serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary.

Purpose: Signaling by cancer stem cells (CSCs) is known to occur at least in part through conserved developmental pathways. Here, the role of one of these pathways, i.e.

ALDH1A1+ ovarian cancer stem cells co-expressing surface markers CD24, EPHA1 and CD9 form tumours in vivo.

One of the reasons for recurrence following treatment of high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the persistence of residual cancer stem cells (CSCs). There has been variability between laboratories in the identification of CSC markers for HGSOC. We have identified new surface markers (CD24, CD9 and EPHA1) in addition to those previously known (CD44, CD117 and CD133) using a bioinformatics approach.

Expression of cancer stem cell markers CD24, EPHA1 and CD9 and their correlation with clinical outcome in epithelial ovarian tumours.

Background: There has been variability between laboratories in the identification of cancer stem cells (CSCs) markers for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We have evaluated three new surface markers for EOC to identify CSCs precisely.

Methods: Three new putative CSCs specific surface markers CD9, CD24 and EPHA1 identified by a bioinformatics approach were evaluated in normal ovary, fallopian tube and ovarian tumours.

Analysis of Human Stem Cell Transcription Factors.

Transcription factors , , , and are expressed in both human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and cancer stem cells and they play a crucial role in maintaining characteristics of stemness such as self-renewal and pluripotency. This article evaluates the expression of variants of the main stem cell-specific transcription factors and critically and accurately with specific primers designed for identifying the most important variants that maintain stemness. We have examined four variants of along with a processed pseudogene and seven variants of in human teratocarcinoma cell lines (NTERA2D1, SuSa, GCT-27, and 833KE), hESCs, and ovarian cancer cells by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.

Cancer stem cells contribute to angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary.

The origin of blood and lymphatic vessels in high-grade serous adenocarcinoma of ovary (HGSOC) is uncertain. We evaluated the potential of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in HGSOC to contribute to their formation. Using spheroids as an in vitro model for CSCs, we have evaluated their role in primary malignant cells (PMCs) in ascites from previously untreated patients with HGSOC and cell lines.

Analysis of hematopoietic stem cells using a composite approach.

Stem cells or Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have now been identified in different type of tissues by using surface markers. Functional assays such as ALDEFLUOR and side population which are marker independent have been additional approaches. However, whether all these approaches identify the same population of cells remain uncertain.

Selinexor (KPT-330) has antitumor activity against anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in vitro and in vivo and enhances sensitivity to doxorubicin.

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most lethal malignancies having no effective treatment. Exportin-1 (XPO1) is the key mediator of nuclear export of many tumor suppressor proteins and is overexpressed in human cancers. In this study, we examined the therapeutic potential of selinexor (XPO1 inhibitor) against human ATC cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Therapeutic antibodies against cancer stem cells: a promising approach.

Monoclonal antibodies have been extensively used to treat malignancy along with routine chemotherapeutic drugs. Chemotherapy for metastatic cancer has not been successful in securing long-term remission of disease. This is in part due to the resistance of cancer cells to drugs.

Expression of a novel endothelial marker, C-type lectin 14A, in epithelial ovarian cancer and its prognostic significance.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate microvessel density (MVD) as assessed by C-type lectin 14A (CLEC14A), which is a new marker for endothelial cells, and compare its expression to CD31 and CD105 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Methods: MVD was evaluated in tumors (n = 50) from patients with EOC who underwent primary surgery and in patients with EOC who received preoperative chemotherapy (n = 49) using immunohistochemistry with antibodies to CLEC14A, CD31 and CD105. The median duration of follow-up was 24.

Cancer Stem Cells - Are Surface Markers Alone Sufficient?

The identification of Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) in leukemia has opened a new field in cancer research. This has led to the identification of similar cells in other types of cancer. CSCs express distinct surface markers and functional properties which distinguish them from the rest of the cells within a tumor.