Arenavirus-Based Vectors Generate Robust SIV Immunity in Non-Human Primates.

Arenavirus-based vectors are being investigated as therapeutic vaccine candidates with the potential to elicit robust CD8 T-cell responses. We compared the immunogenicity of replicating (artPICV and artLCMV) and non-replicating (rPICV and rLCMV) arenavirus-based vectors expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag and Envelope (Env) immunogens in treatment-naïve non-human primates. Heterologous regimens with non-replicating and replicating vectors elicited more robust SIV IFN-γ responses than a homologous regimen, and replicating vectors elicited significantly higher cellular immunogenicity than non-replicating vectors.

Role of Genetics in Diagnosis and Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Glimpse into the Future.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiomyopathy. It follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern in most cases, with incomplete penetrance and heterogeneity. It is familial in 60% of cases and most of these are caused by pathogenic variants in the core sarcomeric genes (, , , , , , , ).

Microbiome metabolite quantification methods enabling insights into human health and disease.

Many of the health-associated impacts of the microbiome are mediated by its chemical activity, producing and modifying small molecules (metabolites). Thus, microbiome metabolite quantification has a central role in efforts to elucidate and measure microbiome function. In this review, we cover general considerations when designing experiments to quantify microbiome metabolites, including sample preparation, data acquisition and data processing, since these are critical to downstream data quality.

Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair for Left Atrioventricular Valve Cleft After Previously Repaired Complete Atrioventricular Canal Defect in Down Syndrome.

• TEER of mitral leaflet clefts has been reported sparingly. • Patients with DS may have left AVV disease including clefts. • TEER may be feasible in high surgical risk patients with AVV cleft.

Growth hormone concentration and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Disparities in Stroke (REGARDS) study.

Background And Aims: Identifying individuals at elevated risk for mortality, especially from cardiovascular disease, may help guide testing and treatment. Risk factors for mortality differ by sex and race. We investigated the association of growth hormone (GH) with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a racially diverse cohort in the United States.

Race and Ethnicity Considerations in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke: JACC Focus Seminar 3/9.

Notable racial and ethnic differences and disparities exist in coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke epidemiology and outcomes despite substantial advances in these fields. Racial and ethnic minority subgroups remain underrepresented in population data and clinical trials contributing to incomplete understanding of these disparities. Differences in traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes play a role; however, disparities in care provision and process, social determinants of health including socioeconomic position, neighborhood environment, sociocultural factors, and racial discrimination within and outside of the health care system also drive racial and ethnic CAD and stroke disparities.

PKLR promotes colorectal cancer liver colonization through induction of glutathione synthesis.

Colorectal cancer metastasis to the liver is a major cause of cancer-related death; however, the genes and pathways that govern this metastatic colonization event remain poorly characterized. Here, using a large-scale in vivo RNAi screen, we identified liver and red blood cell pyruvate kinase (PKLR) as a driver of metastatic liver colonization. PKLR expression was increased in liver metastases as well as in primary colorectal tumors of patients with metastatic disease.