Experimental and computational studies of the recognition of amino acids by galactosyl-imine and -amine derivatives: an attempt to understand the lectin-carbohydrate interactions.

A galactosyl-naphthyl-imine-based derivative, 1-(beta-D-galactopyranosyl-1'-deoxy-1'-iminomethyl)-2-hydroxynaphthalene (GNI), and a galactosyl-naphthyl-amine-based derivative, 1-(galactopyranosyl-1'-deoxy-1'-aminomethyl)-2-hydroxynaphthalene (GNA), possessing an ONO binding core were studied for their recognition of naturally occurring amino acids using fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy, and the corresponding association constants were derived for the complexes formed. The complexes formed between GNI/GNA and amino acids were supported by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI/MS). The structures of the complexes were optimized by computational studies using density functional theory, and stabilization energies were computed for the complexes to substantiate the interactions present between GNI/GNA and amino acid.

Lung cancer: the oncologist's role in smoking cessation.

Cigarette smoking is by far the most common preventable cause of lung cancer in our society, and is therefore responsible for the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. Physicians are uniquely positioned to impact smoking rates, but frequently fail to address the issue in practice because of competing concerns and a sense of frustration. Oncologists, though not typically thought of as preventive care providers, can be empowered to advocate for more effective smoking cessation strategies, and to implement treatment guidelines in their practice in an effort to improve cancer outcomes in their community.