Publications by authors named "Rohini D Samudralwar"
Article Synopsis
- The central vein sign (CVS) is a proposed biomarker for diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS) but traditional manual ratings for assessing CVS lesions can be slow and inconsistent.
- This study compared an automated CVS detection method to manual rating in 86 participants being evaluated for MS using 3T MRI scans.
- Results showed the automated method had a similar effectiveness in distinguishing MS patients from non-patients as the manual methods, with an area under the curve (AUC) ranging between 0.78 and 0.89, depending on the method used.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates the effectiveness of simplified imaging methods (central vein sign or CVS) compared to cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal bands (OCB) as diagnostic tools for multiple sclerosis (MS).
- Results indicate that both methods have similar sensitivity and specificity, with a higher positive predictive value (PPV) for the CVS method after 12 months.
- Further research is planned to determine if CVS can replace or work alongside OCB for diagnosing MS.
Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a rare presentation with duramater thickening and fibrosis which can result in cranial or spinal compressive disease. Most cases of spinal HP require surgical management. We present an uncommon case of idiopathic hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis (IHSP) in a 40-year-old male who showed complete improvement to steroids without any further relapses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study evaluated a simplified method for assessing the central vein sign (CVS) in patients potentially diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) using MRI scans.
- It analyzed 78 participants, with 47% diagnosed with MS, and found the simplified scoring method had a good diagnostic performance (AUROC of 0.83) and consistent inter-rater reliability.
- The results indicated that this easier approach can effectively identify CVS-positive lesions, which may improve the diagnosis of MS in clinical settings.
The central vein sign (CVS) is a proposed MRI biomarker of multiple sclerosis (MS). The impact of gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) administration on CVS evaluation remains poorly investigated. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of GBCA use on CVS detection and on the diagnostic performance of the CVS for MS using a 3-T FLAIR* sequence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Risk factors associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have been described. Recent improvements in supportive care measures and increased testing capacity may modify the risk of severe COVID-19 outcome in MS patients. This retrospective study evaluates the severity and outcome of COVID-19 in MS and characterizes temporal trends over the course of the pandemic in the United States.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The diagnosis of sarcoid optic neuropathy is time-sensitive, as delayed treatment risks irreversible vision loss. We sought to analyze its characteristics and outcomes.
Methods: We performed a multi-center retrospective study of sarcoid optic neuropathy among 5 USA medical centers.
The use of immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive therapies in multiple sclerosis (MS) has allowed practitioners to regulate MS disease activity, with the caveat that these potent medications may render patients susceptible to opportunistic infections. The approval of fingolimod presented the first oral option for relapsing MS. Since 2015, postmarketing safety data have documented several published cases of cryptococcal meningitis and disseminated cryptococcosis associated with fingolimod use.
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