Publications by authors named "Rohani P"

Background And Aims: Patients with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD), with an age of onset < 6 years, can present with severe manifestations and may require biologic therapy. Infliximab and adalimumab are approved for induction and maintenance in pediatric IBD patients but are licensed only above the age of 6 years. Effectiveness and safety data on adalimumab in this patient population are lacking.

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  • The text refers to a correction made to a specific academic article.
  • The correction addresses issues or errors found in the original publication identified by its DOI.
  • This update is essential for maintaining the accuracy and reliability of the article's content in the scholarly community.
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Purpose: The rising prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents is a global public health issue. This trend has led to increased obesity-related comorbidities and a higher risk of adulthood obesity in this sensitive population. This study aims to establish the first obesity registry for Iranian children and adolescents to enhance the understanding of pediatric obesity and its determinants and consequents.

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The response to COVID-19 altered global dispersal of influenza viruses.

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The global prevalence of obesity and overweight is a significant concern in the field of public health. Numerous interventional studies have been conducted to assess the possible meal replacements (MRs) effect on anthropometric indicators and indices and laboratory test that reflect obesity. However, there are no comprehensive results in this field.

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Background: Gain of function (GOF) mutations in NOD-like receptor family CARD-containing 4 protein (NLRC4) gene induce a wide spectrum of autoinflammatory phenotypes. Currently, we categorize them into four groups: familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS)4, autoinflammatory infantile enterocolitis (AIFEC), NLRC4-macrophage associated syndrome (MAS), and neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID). The rarity and complexity of the disease necessitate the description of new cases and a reexamination of our understanding of the condition.

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A gluten-free diet (GFD) may have a stronger potential impact on reducing cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, according to research evidence. We investigated the impact of GFD on CV risk variables by doing a systematic review and meta-analysis for this reason. We conducted a thorough database search starting on January 1, 2000, and ending on July 12, 2022.

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Background: There are conflicting findings regarding the effect of low-carbohydrate diets on obesity-related factors. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a carbohydrate-restricted (CR) diet on changes in anthropometric indicators of adiposity and fat distribution in pediatrics populations.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase electronic databases using predefined keywords to identify all randomized controlled trials examining the effects of CR on obesity-related factors.

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  • The study introduces NIAViD, an unsupervised machine learning tool that effectively detects antigenic changes in H3N2 influenza A viruses, which is crucial for improving vaccine design.
  • NIAViD achieved a sensitivity of 88.9% in training and 72.7% in validation, significantly outperforming a standard model, while eliminating the need for costly laboratory assays.
  • This tool enhances influenza surveillance by identifying new antigenic clusters and pinpointing critical sites for antigenic changes, ultimately helping in the development of more effective vaccines.
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Background: Recent evidence shows the role of sirtuin 1(SIRT1), a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins, as a potential therapeutic target in the prevention and treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases. Some evidence shows the moderating effects of weight loss interventions on this factor. However, the findings are contradictory.

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  • The study assessed how being overweight or obese affects treatment response and relapse rates in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) undergoing anti-TNF therapy.
  • Conducted across 22 centers in 14 countries, it involved 637 children, with a comparison between those who were overweight/obese and those of normal weight.
  • Findings showed no difference in loss of response to treatment initially, but overweight/obese children had higher relapse rates by the end of follow-up, indicating a potential long-term risk associated with their weight status.
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This study aims to investigate the association between the MIND index (Mediterranean- Dietary approaches to Stop Hypertension diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the Iranian children. It builds upon existing research that highlights the role of dietary antioxidants in alleviating psychological disorders, cognitive impairments, and memory deficits. Additionally, previous studies have separately explored the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean and DASH diets on these issues.

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Pertussis, which is caused by Bordetella pertussis, has plagued humans for at least 800 years, is highly infectious and can be fatal in the unvaccinated, especially very young infants. Although the rollout of whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines in the 1940s and 1950s was associated with a drastic drop in incidence, concerns regarding the reactogenicity of wP vaccines led to the development of a new generation of safer, acellular (aP) vaccines that have been adopted mainly in high-income countries. Over the past 20 years, some countries that boast high aP coverage have experienced a resurgence in pertussis, which has led to substantial debate over the basic immunology, epidemiology and evolutionary biology of the bacterium.

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Hepcidin is a crucial regulator of iron homeostasis with protective effects on liver fibrosis. Additionally, gut microbiota can also affect liver fibrosis and iron metabolism. Although the hepatoprotective potential of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium duncaniae, formerly known as F.

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Background: Tofacitinib has recently been approved for treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) in adults, yet pediatric data are limited. This international multicenter study describes the effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib in pediatric UC.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of children diagnosed with UC treated with tofacitinib from 16 pediatric centers internationally.

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Background: Overall, there is conflicting evidence regarding the beneficial effects of optimal lifestyle modification, particularly weight loss interventions, with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of weight loss interventions on laboratory and clinical parameters in children and adolescents with NAFLD.

Methods: Original databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Embase) were searched using standard keywords to identify all controlled trials investigating the effects of weight loss interventions among NAFLD children and adolescents.

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Article Synopsis
  • Recent research indicates that the Baltic Sea diet score (BSDS) and the healthy Nordic diet index (HNDI) have positive impacts on chronic diseases but their effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were previously unexplored.
  • A study involving 552 healthy individuals and 340 NAFLD patients used a food frequency questionnaire to analyze participants' dietary adherence and applied binary logistic regression to assess the relationship with NAFLD.
  • The results revealed that higher adherence to the HNDI significantly reduced the risk of NAFLD, and those with higher BSDS scores also showed a lower likelihood of developing the disease, indicating that a healthy Nordic diet could be crucial in preventing NAFLD.
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Aim: The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to investigate the effects of different dietary supplements on the mortality and clinical status of adults with sepsis.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials until February 2023. The inclusion criteria were: 1) randomized controlled trials (RCT)s; 2) adults suffering sepsis or septic shock; 3) evaluation of short- or long-mortality; and 4) publications between 1994 and 2023.

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Background: The global prevalence of obesity and overweight is a significant concern in the field of public health. However, addressing and combating these conditions pose considerable challenges. Numerous interventional studies have been conducted to assess the possible impact of bupropion on weight reduction.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study focused on 16 Iranian patients with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD), aiming to explore the role of underlying genetic issues related to inborn errors of immunity (IEI) in this condition.
  • - Most patients were young (median age of 43.5 months), with symptoms starting around 4 months; common signs included chronic diarrhea and perianal diseases, with a notable prevalence of consanguinity among parents.
  • - Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed genetic variants in 81.3% of patients, highlighting notable gene mutations like IL10RB, and emphasizing the need for genetic evaluation in early-onset IBD cases due to the high incidence of mon
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Introduction: There is a proven role for hepcidin and the composition of gut microbiota and its derivatives in the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis.

Area Covered: This review focuses on the literature search regarding the effect of hepcidin and gut microbiota on regulating liver physiology. We presented the regulating mechanisms of hepcidin expression and discussed the possible interaction between gut microbiota and hepcidin regulation.

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Background: Despite extensive research examining the effect of a low glycemic index (LGI) diet on the frequency of seizures in patients with epilepsy, the findings are inconclusive. Hence, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to clarify the potential effect of a low glycemic index (LGI) diet on the frequency of seizures in children.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis written in accordance with the PRISMA checklist was realized using a comprehensive systematic search in four electronic databases until October 2023 without time or language restrictions.

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A key goal of pertussis control is to protect infants too young to be vaccinated, the age group most vulnerable to this highly contagious respiratory infection. In the last decade, maternal immunization has been deployed in many countries, successfully reducing pertussis in this age group. Because of immunological blunting, however, this strategy may erode the effectiveness of primary vaccination at later ages.

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important diseases which controlling its related risk factors, such as metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, is necessary because of the increased mortality risk of that. The aim of our meta-analysis is to reveal the general effect of vitamin K supplementation on its related risk factors. Original databases were searched using standard keywords to identify all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of vitamin K on CVD.

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Background: Considering the role of adipokine on diseases related to metabolic syndrome and even chronic diseases, it seems necessary to investigate effective interventions on these factors. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of metformin on adipokines.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in five databases using established keywords.

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