Parvovirus B19 infection after kidney transplantation: A single centre experience.

Background: Parvovirus B19 is an uncommon cause of anaemia in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The study aims to determine the incidence, clinical presentation, laboratory findings and outcome of parvovirus B19-related anaemia in KTR.

Method: We conducted a 12-year retrospective, single-centre study describing the clinical profile of KTRs with parvovirus B19-related anaemia.

Usefulness and safety of transbronchial biopsy with large forceps during flexible bronchoscopy.

Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) using forceps is one of the most common procedures used to obtain lung tissue. The procedure's usefulness remains limited when diagnosing interstitial lung diseases. This retrospective descriptive study analyzed the feasibility and safety of using large forceps for TBLB in all patients who underwent TBLB from 2014 to 2018 for diffuse lung disease where the diagnosis could not be made by high-resolution chest computed tomography.

The Use of POCUS to Manage ICU Patients With COVID-19.

Since the advent of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, clinicians have had to modify how they provide high-value care while mitigating the risk of viral spread. Routine imaging studies have been discouraged due to elevated transmission risk. Patients who have been diagnosed with COVID-19 often have a protracted hospital course with progression of disease.

Usefulness of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in status asthmaticus with severe tracheal stenosis.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, traditionally used to treat refractory hypoxemic respiratory failure due to acute respiratory distress syndrome, is being used to treat other etiologies of severe respiratory failure refractory to conventional mechanical ventilation. We present a 30-year-old woman with concomitant life-threatening airway obstruction due to severe tracheal stenosis and status asthmaticus treated effectively with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Successful rigid bronchoscopic resection of recurrent pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor after complete surgical resection.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, previously named inflammatory pseudotumor, is a biologically borderline mesenchymal neoplasm often associated with an inflammatory infiltrate. The incidence of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor has been found to range from 0.04% to 1.

Cisatracurium dosing in a patient with hyperthermia.

Purpose: A case report involving varying cisatracurium dosing requirements in a hyperthermic patient undergoing prone ventilation who subsequently received active cooling as part of targeted temperature management is presented.

Summary: Cisatracurium is known to be primarily metabolized via pH- and temperature-dependent Hofmann elimination. Previous reports in the literature described cases of decreased dosing requirements for both cisatracurium and its parent compound, atracurium, for patients in hypothermic states.

Impact of Moderate Sedation versus Monitored Anesthesia Care on Outcomes and Cost of Endobronchial Ultrasound Transbronchial Needle Aspiration.

Background And Objectives: The ideal type of sedation for endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is not known. Two previous studies comparing the diagnostic yield between moderate sedation (MS) and deep sedation/general anesthesia (DS/GA) had provided conflicting results with one study clearly favoring the latter. No study had addressed cost.

The Impact of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure upon Pleural Fluid Pressures during Thoracentesis.

Background: Excessive drop of pleural pressure (Ppl) during therapeutic thoracentesis may be related to adverse events and/or to repeated procedures due to incomplete drainage.

Objective: This was a pilot study of the impact of the application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) at +5 cm H2O upon the Ppl profile during thoracentesis.

Methods: This was a prospective, controlled study of 49 consecutive adults who underwent thoracentesis.

Iron pill pneumonitis with reactive lymph nodes.

Iron pill pneumonitis can result from accidental aspiration. It usually presents as a triad of airway inflammation, aspiration, and hemosiderin deposition. We report a case of an elderly woman with chronic cough, infiltrates, and lymphadenopathy on imaging alongside nonnecrotizing granulomas on biopsy diagnosed with iron pill pneumonitis.

A system-based intervention to reduce Black-White disparities in the treatment of early stage lung cancer: A pragmatic trial at five cancer centers.

Background: Advances in early diagnosis and curative treatment have reduced high mortality rates associated with non-small cell lung cancer. However, racial disparity in survival persists partly because Black patients receive less curative treatment than White patients.

Methods: We performed a 5-year pragmatic, trial at five cancer centers using a system-based intervention.

Real-time Tracheal Ultrasound for the Confirmation of Endotracheal Intubations in the Intensive Care Unit: An Observational Study.

Objectives: Current methods to confirm endotracheal tube (ETT) placement have varying degrees of effectiveness and time to completion. We aimed to study the accuracy of real-time tracheal ultrasound (US) to confirm ETT placement in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting.

Methods: This work was a prospective study completed at 2 academic tertiary care centers.

A case report of lung ultrasound missing a pneumothorax due to patient positioning.

Lung ultrasound is increasingly utilized as a diagnostic tool for the detection of a pneumothorax. The effect of small changes in patient positioning on the accuracy of lung ultrasound to detect a pneumothorax is not well studied. We present the first known case of lung ultrasound missing a pneumothorax because of suboptimal patient positioning, and discuss the implications of our findings for clinicians that utilize lung ultrasound and for future research.

Pleural-based granular cell tumor.

Granular cell tumors are rare tumors of Schwann cell origin that arise from tissues of neural crest and mesenchymal origin. We report the clinical, radiographic, and pathological features of a pleural-based granular cell tumor in a 60-year-old African American man.

Endobronchial valves for bronchopleural fistula: pitfalls and principles.

Background: Placement of endobronchial valves for bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is not always straightforward. A simple guide to the steps for an uncomplicated procedure does not encompass pitfalls that need to be understood and overcome to maximize the efficacy of this modality.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to discuss examples of difficult cases for which the placement of endobronchial valves was not straightforward and required alterations in the usual basic steps.

Bronchial stenosis secondary to epidermolysis bullosa successfully treated with bronchoscopic balloon dilatation.

Epidermolysis bullosa rarely affects lower airways. We present a case of lower airway involvement and stenosis successfully managed with flexible bronchoscopy and balloon dilation.

A case report on the diagnosis of a rare pleural tumor with endobronchial ultrasound: breaking new boundaries.

Convex endobronchial ultrasound (C-EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is an effective tool for the diagnosis of hilar, mediastinal, and central parenchymal lung lesions. However, it has a limited utility for pleural-based masses. We report a unique case of a pleural synovial sarcoma recurrence that was diagnosed by C-EBUS.

Organising pneumonia in common variable immunodeficiency.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common of the primary immunodeficiency disorders. Pulmonary manifestations are characterised by recurrent rhinosinusitis, respiratory tract infections and bronchiectasis. Less commonly the lung may be affected by lymphoid disorders and sarcoid-like granulomas.