Classical Ozaki Procedure in a Seven-Month-Old Infant.

We present a case study of neotricuspidization of the aortic valve with neocusp suturing based on templates similar to those used in the Ozaki procedure but adapted for infants. This is an alternative for patients when valve reconstruction is impossible or risky. A good postoperative hemodynamic outcome was obtained, but it is necessary to evaluate this approach on the basis of long-term results.

Recent Developments with Organogermanes: their Preparation and Application in Synthesis and Catalysis.

Within the sphere of traditional Pd /Pd cross coupling reactions, organogermanes have been historically outperformed both in terms of scope and reactivity by more conventional transmetalating reagents. Subsequently, this class of compounds has been largely underutilized as a coupling partner in bond-forming strategies. Most recent studies, however, have shown that alternative modes of activation of these notoriously robust building blocks transform organogermanes into the most reactive site of the molecule-capable of outcompeting other functional groups (such as boronic acids, esters and silanes) for both C-C and C-heteroatom bond formation.

A Two-Mediator System Based on a Nanocomposite of Redox-Active Polymer Poly(thionine) and SWCNT as an Effective Electron Carrier for Eukaryotic Microorganisms in Biosensor Analyzers.

Electropolymerized thionine was used as a redox-active polymer to create a two-mediated microbial biosensor for determining biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The electrochemical characteristics of the conducting system were studied by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It has been shown that the most promising in terms of the rate of interaction with the yeast is the system based on poly(thionine), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), and neutral red (k = 0.

Catalytic enantioselective nucleophilic desymmetrization of phosphonate esters.

Molecules that contain a stereogenic phosphorus atom are crucial to medicine, agrochemistry and catalysis. While methods are available for the selective construction of various chiral organophosphorus compounds, catalytic enantioselective approaches for their synthesis are far less common. Given the vastness of possible substituent combinations around a phosphorus atom, protocols for their preparation should also be divergent, providing facile access not only to one but to many classes of phosphorus compounds.

A Three-Component Ugi-Type Reaction of -Carbamoyl Imines Enables a Broad Scope Primary α-Amino 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Synthesis.

A general synthesis of -protected primary α-amino 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, from -carbamoyl imines, -isocyaniminotriphenylphosphorane (NIITP), and carboxylic acids, is described. Featuring an isocyanide addition reaction with -carbamoyl imines, this efficient three-component Ugi-type reaction was found to be broad in scope with respect to imine, and carboxylic acid coupling partners. Furthermore, the versatility of this method was demonstrated by α-amino 1,2,4-triazole synthesis, the late-stage functionalization of seven drug molecules, and five divergent derivatizations of a primary α-amino 1,3,4-oxadiazole.

Dearomative Photocatalytic Construction of Bridged 1,3-Diazepanes.

The construction of diverse sp -rich skeletal ring systems is of importance to drug discovery programmes and natural product synthesis. Herein, we report the photocatalytic construction of 2,7-diazabicyclo[3.2.

Modular Synthesis of β-Amino Boronate Peptidomimetics.

Herein, we describe the synthesis of novel β-amino boronate peptidomimetics from amphoteric α-borylaldehydes in the Ugi multicomponent reaction. A mild deprotection method provided the free and stable boronic acid forms of the target molecules, which display notable stability toward protodeborylation. Despite the presence of Lewis acidic boron, there is no evidence for hydrolysis of the adjacent amide via a 5- or 6-membered ring intermediate.

Yeast-based self-organized hybrid bio-silica sol-gels for the design of biosensors.

The methylotrophic Pichia angusta VKM Y-2559 and the oleaginous Cryptococcus curvatus VKM Y-3288 yeast cells were immobilized in a bimodal silica-organic sol-gel matrix comprised of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), the hydrophobic additive methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and the porogen polyethylene glycol (PEG). Under carefully optimized experimental conditions, employing basic catalysts, yeast cells have become the nucleation centers for a silica-organic capsule assembled around the cells. The dynamic process involved in the formation of the sol-gel matrix has been investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopic techniques.

[Results of bidirectional cavapulmonary shunt operation without cardiopulmonary bypass in children with complicated congenital heart defects during the first year of life].

The authors present results of bidirectional cavapulmonary shunt operation without cardiopulmonary bypass for the treatment of complicated congenital heart defects. Temporary blood shunting during surgical intervention enables cavapulmonary anastomosis to be created without making resort to artificial circulation (AC) and limitation on the time of superior vena cava occlusion. The proposed method is free from additional risks and excludes negative effects of AC.

[Diagnostic algorithms and features of clinical course of congenital heart diseases in infants with lung anomalies].

The paper discusses the influence of lung anomalies on the progress of congenital heart diseases (CHD) in infants, as well as diagnostic value of radiography and ultraspeed computed tomography (CT). The four-year experience of the authors includes preoperative examination of 178 infants with CHD (mean age 5.8 +/- 0.

[Local ventilation in the use of heat and moist releasing equipment].

The authors suggest a new technologic type of local exhauster for devices releasing heat and moist. The novelty considers convection and radiating heat: The article contains formulae to calculate quantities of the air removed as well as sanitary, hygienic and economic results of the novelty.

[The results of the surgical treatment of aortic coarctation in nursing infants with a sharp decrease in left ventricular pumping function].

Two-dimensional echocardiography was conducted in 24 patients, aged from 14 days to 12 months, suffering from coarctation of the aorta (CA) with the left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) less than 30%. The symptom of LV fibroelastosis was found in only 16.7% of patients.

[Coagulation properties of the blood and effectiveness of heparin therapy in patients with the cerebral form of hypertension and atherosclerosis].

By means of clinical and instrumental diagnosis the authors displayed a high effectiveness in the preventive treatment of patients with atherosclerosis and hypertensive disease by heparin in the period of remission. At the same time following treatment some patients especially with hypertensive disease revealed a marked activation of the hypercoagulative blood properties which exceeded the intial level. The authors discuss the possible mechanisms of this reaction.