Exploring virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori isolated from gastric biopsy.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonizes human gastric mucosa and is classified as class one carcinogenic bacteria. In this regard, this study aimed to detect major virulence factors in H.

Characterization of disinfectant susceptibility profiles among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Ardabil, Iran.

Antimicrobial disinfectants have been extensively used to control hospital-acquired infections worldwide. Prolonged exposure to bacteria could promote resistance to antimicrobial disinfectants. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of four commonly used disinfectants; triclosan, chlorhexidine digluconate, benzalkonium chloride, and formaldehyde against Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates.

Molecular identification of multiple drug resistance (MDR) strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Background And Objectives: Isoniazid and rifampin are the first -line drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Resistance to these important drugs is a serious threat to human public health. Therefore, this study aimed at molecular detection of resistance to these valuable drugs.

Outcomes of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients: a single center experience.

Malignancy, bone marrow and organ transplantation are associated with deficient and defective immune systems. Immunocompromised patients are at risk for severe and chronic complication of COVID-19 infection. However, the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of this comorbidity remain to be elucidated.

Serotyping and molecular profiles of virulence-associated genes among isolates from teaching hospitals of Ardabil, Iran: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonized various organs. This bacterium is associated with different community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections. The present study aims to assess the capsular serotypes and frequency of virulence-associated genes in isolates from teaching hospitals in Ardabil, Iran.

Prosthetic knee joint infection caused by α-hemolytic Streptococcus species: a case report.

Background: Knee arthroplasty is an orthopedic surgical procedure in which a damaged joint is replaced with an artificial one. It is estimated that 1-2% of knee arthroplasties will encounter infection over their lifetime. Although α-hemolytic Streptococcus species play an important role in prosthetic joint infection, they are less common than staphylococcal species.

Drug-induced liver injury due to tofacitinib: a case report.

Background: Drug-induced liver injury is an acute or chronic liver damage in response to drugs, herbals, and any chemical compound.

Case Presentation: In the present work, liver failure following the use of tofacitinib was reported. The patient was an 18-year-old iranian woman without any history of underlying disease.

Molecular detection and characterization of Shigella spp. harboring extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes in children with diarrhea in northwest Iran.

Shigellosis is one of the acute bowel infections and remains a serious public health problem in resource-poor countries. The present study aimed to survey the distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Shigella strains isolated from patients with diarrhea in northwest Iran. In the present cross-sectional study, from January 2019 to December 2020, 1280 fecal samples were collected from children with diarrhea in Ardabil, Iran.

Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Carbapenems Resistant Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in Ardabil Province, Iran.

Background & Objective: Carbapenem-resistant is Gram-negative bacteria representing a worldwide public health problem. The present study aims to survey the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of carbapenem-resistant isolates collected from hospitalized patients and outpatients in Ardabil province, Iran.

Methods: Two hundred samples were collected from the patients who had already been referred to the hospitals in Ardabil, Iran, from January to June 2017.

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase/AmpC- and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Iran.

Background: The objective of the current study is to evaluate the phenotypic and molecular characterization of ESBL/AmpC- and carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae isolates in Iran.

Methods: From October 2018 until the end of April 2020, different clinical samples were collected and K.

Molecular characterization of quinolone resistant spp. isolates from patients in Ardabil, Iran.

Background And Objectives: is an etiological agent of shigellosis. Antibiotic therapy has a critical role in decreasing serious complications of shigellosis. The present study aimed to determine the multi-drug resistance strains and to detect fluoroquinolone related mutations.

Designing and Construction of a Cloning Vector Containing Gene of .

Background: Tuberculosis caused by , remains as one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide, with nearly two million death cases annually. BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guerin) continues to be the most widely used vaccine in the world, but the protective immunity differs in different parts of the world. Accordingly, new strategies including DNA vaccines are essentially needed.

Colonization of Pneumocystis jirovecii in Patients Who Received and not Received Corticosteroids Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit: Airborne Transmission Approach.

Background & Objective: pneumonia (PCP) is responsible for pulmonary infection in immunocompromised patients. The current study aimed at investigating the frequency of colonization in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) and evaluating the relationship between PCP and colonization.

Methods: The current cross sectional study was conducted on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids of 100patients collected from surgery and neurosurgery ICUs with different underlying corticosteroid therapy conditions.

Current concepts on immunopathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading cause of liver damage and hepatic inflammation. Upon infection, effective antiviral responses by CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, Natural killer (NK) cells, and monocytes can lead to partial or complete eradication of the viral infection. To date, many studies have shown that the production of inhibitory cytokines such as Interleukin 10 (IL-10), Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), along with dysfunction of the dendritic cells (DCs), and the absence of efficient innate immune responses could lead to T cell exhaustion, development of persistent infection, and inability to eradicate the viral infection from liver.

A study on the immune response induced by a DNA vaccine encoding Mtb32C-HBHA antigen of .

Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) has still remained a global health issue. One third of the world's population is infected with tuberculosis and the current BCG vaccine has low efficiency; hence, it is necessary to develop a new vaccine against TB. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficiency of a novel DNA vaccine encoding Mtb32C-HBHA antigen in inducing specific immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Design and Construction of a Cloning Vector Containing the Gene of .

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death worldwide. Finding an effective vaccine against TB is the best way to control it. Several vaccines against this disease have been developed but none are completely protective.

Immunogenicity of a DNA Vaccine Encoding Ag85a-Tb10.4 Antigens from Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.

Background: Tuberculosis is a life threatening disease that is partially prevented by BCG vaccine. Development of more effective vaccines is an urgent priority in TB control. Ag85a and Tb10.

Designing and Development of a DNA Vaccine Based On Structural Proteins of Hepatitis C Virus.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, designing new and effective therapeutics is of great importance. The aim of the current study was to construct a DNA vaccine containing structural proteins of HCV and evaluation of its expression in a eukaryotic system.

Designing and Construction of a DNA Vaccine Encoding Tb10.4 Gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains as a major cause of death. Construction of a new vaccine against tuberculosis is an effective way to control it. Several vaccines against this disease have been developed.

Evaluation of the eukaryotic expression of mtb32C-hbha fusion gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Hepatocarcinoma cell line.

Background And Objectives: HBHA and Mtb32C have been isolated from culture supernatants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) and Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) and their immunogenicity previously studies have been confirmed.

Designing and Construction Pcdna3.1 Vector Encoding Cfp10 Gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Background: Pathogenic mycobacteria are a major cause of human morbidity and mortality. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an etiological agent of human tuberculosis (TB). Designing new vaccines, including DNA vaccines, may be a useful strategy for preventing TB.

Construction of a DNA Vaccine Encoding Mtb32C and HBHA Genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Development of a new vaccine for tuberculosis requires immunogenic antigens capable of inducing suitable and long-lasting T cell immunity. The emergence of multidrugs and extensively drug-resistant strains of M.