Genomic epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing from humans and a river in Aotearoa New Zealand.

In Aotearoa New Zealand, urinary tract infections in humans are commonly caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing . This group of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are often multidrug resistant. However, there is limited information on ESBL-producing found in the environment and their link with human clinical isolates.

Emergency medical services level of training is associated with mortality in trauma patients: A combined prehospital and in hospital database analysis.

Background: There is conflicting evidence regarding emergency medical service (EMS) provider level of training and outcomes in trauma. We hypothesized that advanced life support (ALS) provider transport is associated with lower mortality compared with basic life support transport.

Methods: We performed secondary analysis of a combined prehospital and in-hospital database of trauma patients utilizing ESO electronic medical records from 2018 to 2022.

Efficacy of priming and commitment posters on urgent care patients' antibiotic expectations and knowledge: a cluster randomized trial.

Objective: Successfully educating urgent care patients on appropriate use and risks of antibiotics can be challenging. We assessed the conscious and subconscious impact various educational materials (informational handout, priming poster, and commitment poster) had on urgent care patients' knowledge and expectations regarding antibiotics.

Design: Stratified Block Randomized Control Trial.

AND-gated protease-activated nanosensors for programmable detection of anti-tumour immunity.

The forward design of biosensors that implement Boolean logic to improve detection precision primarily relies on programming genetic components to control transcriptional responses. However, cell- and gene-free nanomaterials programmed with logical functions may present lower barriers for clinical translation. Here we report the design of activity-based nanosensors that implement AND-gate logic without genetic parts via bi-labile cyclic peptides.

Impact of land-use and fecal contamination on Escherichia populations in environmental samples.

Understanding the composition of complex Escherichia coli populations from the environment is necessary for identifying strategies to reduce the impacts of fecal contamination and protect public health. Metabarcoding targeting the hypervariable gene gnd was used to reveal the complex population diversity of E. coli and phenotypically indistinct Escherichia species in water, soil, sediment, aquatic biofilm, and fecal samples from native forest and pastoral sites.

Uncontrolled Diabetes is a Strong Predictor of Amputation in End Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy remains a strong risk factor for chronic kidney disease progression. Hemoglobin A1C (HBA1C) has historically been used as a marker for complications related to diabetes.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between HBA1C and clinical complications in a patient population with end stage renal disease.

Effect of low- and moderate-intensity endurance exercise on physical functioning among breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Compare the effects of low-intensity and moderate-intensity exercise on physical functioning in breast cancer survivors.

Methods: Women aged 50 + years and post-primary treatment for stage 0 to III breast cancer were randomly assigned to a 6-month low-intensity (LIG) or moderate-intensity (MIG) exercise group. Participants were instructed to walk (low- or moderate-intensity) for 30 min five days a week, followed by flexibility exercises, and do strengthening and balance exercises twice weekly.

Long-term dupilumab efficacy in type 2 asthma regardless of baseline characteristics.

https://bit.ly/3XSwX62.

Identifying potential predictors of surgical site infection risk following cardiac surgery: a scoping review.

Objectives: This scoping review was undertaken to identify risk predictions models and preoperative predictors of surgical site infection (SSI) in adult cardiac surgery. A particular focus was on the identification of novel predictors that could underpin the future development of a risk prediction model to identify individuals at high-risk of SSI, and therefore guide a national SSI prevention strategy.

Methods: A scoping review to systematically identify and map out existing research evidence on preoperative predictors of SSI was conducted in two stages.

New Campylobacter Lineages in New Zealand Freshwater: Pathogenesis and Public Health Implications.

This study investigated the diversity of thermophilic Campylobacter species isolated from three New Zealand freshwater catchments affected by pastoral and urban activities. Utilising matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight and whole genome sequence analysis, the study identified Campylobacter jejuni (n = 46, 46.0%), C.

A CRISPRi Library Screen in Group B Identifies Surface Immunogenic Protein (Sip) as a Mediator of Multiple Host Interactions.

Group B (GBS; ) is an important pathobiont capable of colonizing various host environments, contributing to severe perinatal infections. Surface proteins play critical roles in GBS-host interactions, yet comprehensive studies of these proteins' functions have been limited by genetic manipulation challenges. This study leveraged a CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) library to target genes encoding surface-trafficked proteins in GBS, identifying their roles in modulating macrophage cytokine responses.

Excitation of filamentous growth in Dekkera spp. by quorum sensing aromatic alcohols 2-phenylethanol and tryptophol.

Fungi from the genus Dekkera, also known as Brettanomyces, are significant contaminants in commercial beer and wine production, and when present unintentionally, these non-domesticated yeasts result in the development of undesirable sensorial characteristics, in part due to the production of volatile phenols and acetate esters. The persistence of Dekkera spp. in industrial manufacturing environments can be attributed to its strong bioadhesive properties, allowing it to attach to various surfaces and form biofilms, which often contribute to recurrent contaminations.

Machine Learning-based Prognostic Subgrouping of Glioblastoma: A Multi-center Study.

Background: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive adult primary brain cancer, characterized by significant heterogeneity, posing challenges for patient management, treatment planning, and clinical trial stratification.

Methods: We developed a highly reproducible, personalized prognostication and clinical subgrouping system using machine learning (ML) on routine clinical data, MRI, and molecular measures from 2,838 demographically diverse patients across 22 institutions and 3 continents. Patients were stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor prognostic subgroups (I, II, III) using Kaplan-Meier analysis (Cox proportional model and hazard ratios [HR]).

Mentimeter Improves Student Engagement in Online Clinical Anatomy Revision Sessions: A Programme Evaluation.

Background There is a need to develop evidence-based strategies to maximise student engagement in online learning contexts. Audience response systems (ARS) are well-established active learning tools that improve engagement in the face-to-face classroom, but they remain under-researched in the online context. Aims This study aimed to directly compare student engagement, perceptions and learning following clinical anatomy revision sessions including interactive questions asked using an ARS (Mentimeter) compared to interactive questions asked using videoconferencing interaction only.

Re-infection after treatment for moderate and severe diabetic foot infections.

To investigate risk factors for re-infection and compare the outcomes in people with diabetic foot infections. A retrospective chart review was conducted, and 294 hospitalised patients with moderate to severe diabetic foot infections (DFIs) were analysed for this study. The diagnosis and classification of the severity of infection was based on the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) infection guidelines.

Integrating systems of power and privilege in the study of resilience.

Although current approaches to the study of resilience acknowledge the role of context, rarely do those conceptualizations attend to societal systems and structures that include hierarchies of power and privilege-namely systems of racism, colonialism, patriarchy, and capitalism-nor do they articulate how these structural realities are embedded within individual experiences. We offer critiques of the current literature from this structural lens, using the concept of master narratives to articulate the incomplete and, at times, damaging story that the discipline of psychology has told about resilience. We then provide three models that center history, systems, and structures of society that can be employed in the study of resilience.

US Nonprofit Hospitals Have Widely Varying Criteria To Decide Who Qualifies For Free And Discounted Charity Care.

US nonprofit hospitals are required by law to have a charity care policy, but hospitals have significant discretion in determining specific eligibility criteria. Using a novel national database, this analysis revealed that nonprofit hospitals have chosen widely varying charity care eligibility guidelines. Among hospitals that offered free care, income limits ranged from 41 percent to 600 percent of the federal poverty guideline.

Postprandial plasma aminoacidemia and indices of appetite regulation following pea-rice blend, pea isolate and whey protein ingestion in healthy young adults.

Plant-derived proteins are often deficient in essential amino acids and have lower rates of digestibility than animal-derived proteins. Blending different plant-derived proteins could compensate for these deficiencies and may augment postprandial aminoacidemia over single-source plant proteins. This study assessed plasma amino acids and appetite hormones, appetite sensations and energy intake following ingestion of a pea-rice protein blend (BLEND), compared with pea-only (PEA) and whey (WHEY) protein.

Use of multiple micronutrient supplementation integrated into routine antenatal care: A discussion of research priorities.

Optimal maternal nutrition, including adequate intake and status of essential micronutrients, is important for the health of women and developing infants. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) Antenatal care recommendations for a positive pregnancy experience recommend daily iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation as the standard of care. The use of multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS) is recommended in the context of rigorous research as more evidence was needed regarding the impact of switching from IFA supplements to MMS, including evaluation of critical clinical maternal and perinatal outcomes, acceptability, feasibility, sustainability, equity and cost-effectiveness.