The Relationship between Caries-Specific Quality of Life and Generic Wellbeing in a Dutch Pediatric Population.

Dental caries has significant negative impacts on the lives of children and young people. Whilst the impacts on children's oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) have been increasingly investigated, the effect on children's overall wellbeing remains largely unknown. Data were obtained from a survey conducted across four cities in the Netherlands.

A systematic review of the quality and scope of economic evaluations in child oral health research.

Background: Economic evaluations provide policy makers with information to facilitate efficient resource allocation. To date, the quality and scope of economic evaluations in the field of child oral health has not been evaluated. Furthermore, whilst the involvement of children in research has been actively encouraged in recent years, the success of this movement in dental health economics has not yet been explored.

Nuclear Migration: An Indicator of Plant Salinity Tolerance .

In order to understand the mechanisms underlying acquisition of tolerance to salinity, we recently produced callus tissues of tobacco and resistant to NaCl-induced salt stress following application of a step-up recurrent selection method. The effects of salinity on cell size are known, but those on cell morphometry including cell and nuclear surface area and position of nuclei within salt stress resistant cells were never studied before. This work fills that gap, using suspension cultured cells of A17 initiated from callus, and BY-2 cell line resistant to increasing NaCl concentrations up to 150 mM NaCl.

Expression of Arabidopsis WEE1 in tobacco induces unexpected morphological and developmental changes.

WEE1 regulates the cell cycle by inactivating cyclin dependent protein kinases (CDKs) via phosphorylation. In yeast and animal cells, CDC25 phosphatase dephosphorylates the CDK releasing cells into mitosis, but in plants, its role is less clear. Expression of fission yeast CDC25 (Spcdc25) in tobacco results in small cell size, premature flowering and increased shoot morphogenetic capacity in culture.

Hypoglycaemia Awareness Restoration Programme for People with Type 1 Diabetes and Problematic Hypoglycaemia Persisting Despite Optimised Self-care (HARPdoc): protocol for a group randomised controlled trial of a novel intervention addressing cognitions.

Introduction: Severe hypoglycaemia (SH), when blood glucose falls too low to support brain function, is the most feared acute complication of insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). 10% of people with T1DM contribute nearly 70% of all episodes, with impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia (IAH) a major risk factor. People with IAH may be refractory to conventional approaches to reduce SH, with evidence for cognitive barriers to hypoglycaemia avoidance.

Rapid changes in seed dispersal traits may modify plant responses to global change.

When climatic or environmental conditions change, plant populations must either adapt to these new conditions, or track their niche via seed dispersal. Adaptation of plants to different abiotic environments has mostly been discussed with respect to physiological and demographic parameters that allow local persistence. However, rapid modifications in response to changing environmental conditions can also affect seed dispersal, both via plant traits and via their dispersal agents.

Association between Dental Caries and Obesity in Children and Young People: A Narrative Review.

Objectives: To explore the association between obesity and dental caries in children and adolescents. Furthermore, to consider the possible reasons behind this relationship.

Methods: A database search for papers published between January 2015 and May 2018, inclusive, addressing the association between obesity and dental caries was conducted.

5-Azacytidine promotes shoot regeneration during Agrobacterium-mediated soybean transformation.

Agrobacterium-mediated soybean transformation has been greatly improved in recent years, however the transformation efficiency is still low and highly genotype-dependent when compared to other species. Here, we characterized seventeen soybean genotypes based on their genetic transformation efficiencies, i.e.

Clinical, immunophenotypic, and genomic findings of acute undifferentiated leukemia and comparison to acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation: a study from the bone marrow pathology group.

Acute undifferentiated leukemia is a rare type of acute leukemia that shows no evidence of differentiation along any lineage. Clinical, immunophenotypic and genetic data is limited and it is uncertain if acute undifferentiated leukemia is biologically distinct from acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation, which also shows limited myeloid marker expression and has been reported to have a poor prognosis. We identified 92 cases initially diagnosed as acute undifferentiated leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation from pathology databases of nine academic institutions with available diagnostic flow cytometric data, cytogenetic findings, mutational and clinical data.

Animal movement drives variation in seed dispersal distance in a plant-animal network.

Frugivores play differing roles in shaping dispersal patterns yet seed dispersal distance is rarely quantified across entire communities. We model seed dispersal distance using gut passage times and bird movement for the majority (39 interactions) of known bird-tree interactions on the island of Saipan to highlight differences in seed dispersal distances provided by the five avian frugivores. One bird species was found to be a seed predator rather than a disperser.

Caries prevalence, clinical consequences and self-reported pain experienced by children living in the West Bank.

Aim: To investigate both caries prevalence and clinical consequences experienced by deprived children in the West Bank, using a child-centred approach.

Materials And Methods: Children were invited by their social workers to attend free dental screening sessions held across clinics in the north of the West Bank. Data were collected using the dmft/DMFT and pufa/PUFA indices.

Fast Feedback Inhibition of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Secretion by Endogenous Cortisol in Humans.

Background: Using high-frequency blood sampling, we demonstrate glucocorticoid fast feedback (FF) mediated by endogenous cortisol in 6 normal humans.

Methods: We stimulated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion by ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone (oCRH) with the experimental paradigm in which a high-frequency blood sampling was designed for plasma ACTH and cortisol determinations.

Results: We saw previously unrecognized variability in the timing of key events such as onsets of ACTH and cortisol secretion, onset and offset of FF, and in FF duration.

Erratum: First Dark Matter Constraints from a SuperCDMS Single-Charge Sensitive Detector [Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 051301 (2018)].

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.

A complex interaction between pre-harvest and post-harvest factors determines fresh-cut melon quality and aroma.

Melons are prized for their characteristic aroma, however, pre-harvest growth, stage of ripening at harvest, post-harvest processing and storage conditions lead to quality changes in fresh-cut fruit. We considered changes in metabolites and gene expression over 14 days storage to assess underlying mechanisms and identify potential quality markers. Overall, 99 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected and VOC profiles discriminated between two melon seasons, cut-size, storage temperatures and storage time, although season affected their discriminatory power.

An alternative approach to contrast-enhanced imaging: diffusion-weighted imaging and T-weighted imaging identifies and quantifies necrosis in Wilms tumour.

Objectives: Volume of necrosis in Wilms tumour is informative of chemotherapy response. Contrast-enhanced T-weighted MRI (Tw) provides a measure of necrosis using gadolinium. This study aimed to develop a non-invasive method of identifying non-enhancing (necrotic) tissue in Wilms tumour.

Limitations of current models for testing the clinical potential of epigenetic inhibitors for treatment of pediatric ependymoma.

Background: Epigenetic modifications have been shown to play an important role in the classification and pathogenesis of the pediatric brain tumor ependymoma, suggesting they are a potential therapeutic target.

Results: Agents targeting epigenetic modifications inhibited the growth and induced the death of ependymoma cells with variable efficiency. However, this was often not at clinically achievable doses.