Clinical, radiographic, and histological analyses of calcium phosphate cement as filling material in maxillary sinus lift surgery.

Background: The installation of dental implants in the posterior maxilla is often faced with resorbed alveolar processes, resulting from a combination of pneumatization of the maxillary sinus, the effects of periodontal disease, and physiological bone resorption. The sinus lift surgery has been practiced since 1980 with the aim to increase bone height in this region for an implant supported prosthetic rehabilitation, and various filling materials have been used for such.

Objectives: This study aimed to clinically, radiographically, and histologically evaluate a preparation of calcium phosphate cement (Bone Source(®), BS) used as filling material in maxillary sinus elevation surgery.