A Higher Phase Angle Is Associated with Greater Metabolic Equivalents in Women 1 Year After Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Phase angle (PhA), proposed as an indicator of the number, integrity, and function of cells and evaluated in some clinical situations, decreases after bariatric surgery (BS). In contrast, higher values are found in physically active or exercising individuals. We therefore evaluated the influence of physical activity on PhA after BS.

Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy Differently Affect Oxidative Damage Markers and their Correlations with Body Parameters.

Background: Bariatric surgery improves oxidative damage, but little is known about the differences between Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). This study compared changes in lipid and protein oxidative damage markers and their correlations with body parameters of patients before and after RYGB or SG.

Methods: Body mass index (BMI), bioimpedance parameters, and biochemical parameters including lipid and protein oxidative damage markers were evaluated before and 6 months after surgery.

Bioimpedance phase angle is associated with serum transthyretin but not with prognostic inflammatory and nutritional index during follow-up of women submitted to bariatric surgery.

Background & Aims: Phase angle (PhA) has been used as a prognostic indicator in several clinical situations. However, the use of PhA as a prognostic tool in bariatric patients is less known. The aim of this study was to evaluate PhA as a prognostic index and its correlation with the prognostic inflammatory and nutritional index (PINI) during follow-up of women subjected to bariatric surgery.

Yacon effects in immune response and nutritional status of iron and zinc in preschool children.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of yacon flour on iron and zinc nutritional status and immune response biomarkers in preschool children.

Methods: Preschool children ages 2 to 5 y were selected from two nurseries and were placed into a control group (n = 58) or a yacon group (n = 59). The yacon group received yacon flour in preparations for 18 wk at a quantity to provide 0.

Leucine supplementation increases serum insulin-like growth factor 1 concentration and liver protein/RNA ratio in rats after a period of nutritional recovery.

This study evaluated the effect of leucine on the protein status of rats submitted to 50% food restriction for 1 week, followed by 2 weeks of nutritional recovery. A significant increase of serum insulin-like growth factor 1 and protein/RNA ratio in the liver was observed in leucine-supplemented rats. There was no change in carcass, liver, or gastrocnemius protein content when compared with control animals.

Effects of diets supplemented with branched-chain amino acids on the performance and fatigue mechanisms of rats submitted to prolonged physical exercise.

This study aimed to determine the effects of diets chronically supplemented with branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) on the fatigue mechanisms of trained rats. Thirty-six adult Wistar rats were trained for six weeks. The training protocol consisted of bouts of swimming exercise (one hour a day, five times a week, for six weeks).

Leucine supplementation favors liver protein status but does not reduce body fat in rats during 1 week of food restriction.

An important role in protein-energy metabolism has been attributed to leucine because of its long-term effects on body fat reduction and on the improvement of some indicators of protein status in rodents. The present study investigated the influence of leucine supplementation on the body composition and protein status of rats during the early phase of weight loss, which is characterized by a rapid loss of body weight. Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups, a control and a leucine group (diet supplemented with 0.

Effects of leucine and phenylalanine supplementation during intermittent periods of food restriction and refeeding in adult rats.

Although many studies have shown that amino acid ingestion acutely stimulates protein anabolism, only few studies have investigated whether long-term supplementation promotes changes in body composition. We therefore tested the hypothesis that l-leucine (LEU) and l-phenylalanine (PHE) supplementation might have a positive impact on the body composition of rats submitted to intermittent periods of food restriction and refeeding (weight cycling or WC). The WC protocol comprised three cycles, each consisting of 1 week of 50% food restriction followed by 2 weeks of ad libitum ingestion.

Effect of chronic supplementation with branched-chain amino acids on the performance and hepatic and muscle glycogen content in trained rats.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a diet supplemented with branched-chain amino acids (BCAA; 3.57% and 4.76%) on the performance and glycogen metabolism of trained rats.

Effects of leucine supplementation on the body composition and protein status of rats submitted to food restriction.

Objective: Acute administration of leucine has been shown to stimulate certain protein synthesis related anabolic processes. However, the effect of chronic leucine administration in a catabolic situation caused by food restriction (FR) has not been established. We therefore evaluated the effect of chronic leucine supplementation on the body composition and some indicators of protein nutritional status of rats submitted to FR.

Effect of alanyl-glutamine supplementation on plasma and tissue glutamine concentrations in rats submitted to exhaustive exercise.

Objective: We investigated the effect of supplementation with L-glutamine and L-alanyl-L-glutamine (DIP) on the plasma and tissue glutamine concentrations of exercise-trained rats immediately and 3 hours after a single exercise session until exhaustion.

Methods: Thirty-six male rats were divided into six groups, and then subdivided into groups submitted only to the exhaustion test: control (CON-EXA, n = 6), glutamine (GLN-EXA, n = 6) and DIP-EXA (n = 6), or to the exhaustion test followed by a recovery period lasting 3 hours: control (CON-REC, n = 6), glutamine (GLN-REC, n = 6) and DIP-REC (n = 6). The training protocol consisted of bouts of swimming exercise (60 min x day(-1)) for 6 weeks.