Evaluation of nefrotoxicity by tacrolimus and micophenolate mofetil associated with kidney ischemia and reperfusion: experimental study in rats.

Objective: to evaluate the renal toxicity caused by tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in a single kidney ischemia and reperfusion model.

Method: experimental study using Wistar rats, submitted to right nephrectomy and left renal ischemia for 20 minutes, separated into groups in the postoperative period (PO): 1) Control (nonoperated); 2) Sham (operated, without PO drug); 3) TAC0.1, TAC1 and TAC10, tacrolimus administered PO at doses of 0.

Pelvic floor physical therapy and mindfulness: approaches for chronic pelvic pain in women-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in women is a complex syndrome and symptoms are associated with sexual dysfunction, musculoskeletal and myofascial disorders, and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Its widespread prevalence results in substantial expense due to therapy and lost productivity, and it is perhaps one of the most urgent and neglected medical needs. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the role of mindfulness and pelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT) in the treatment or management of women with CPP.

Mirabegron as effective as oxybutynin for ureteral stent symptoms.

Objective: Ureteral stents usually cause pain and lower urinary tract discomfort. This study aimed to compare the effect of mirabegron with oxybutynin in relieving ureteral stent-related symptoms over time.

Methods: A prospective, longitudinal, randomized, single-blinded study was conducted.

Age-dependent histomorphometric evolution of the corpus spongiosum.

Purpose: To quantify the age-dependent changes in the relative volume of elastic fibers, collagen fibers and the proportion of collagen types I/III in the corpus spongiosum of rats.

Methods: Forty-eight rats, raised under similar conditions, were divided into four groups (G1 to G4) and underwent penectomy at the ages of 6, 9, 12 and 24 months, respectively. Histological sections from the middle segment of the penis were stained with Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin, Masson's trichrome and Picrosirius red, the volumetric density of elastic fibers, collagen fibers and the proportion of collagen types I and III in the corpus spongiosum were determined by stereological analysis.

Stereological study and analysis of oxidative stress during renal aging in rats.

Purpose: To evaluate renal histological changes by stereology and morphometry and analyze the main markers of oxidative stress in rats undergoing natural aging.

Methods: Seventy two Wistar rats were divided into six groups of 12 rats each, which were euthanized at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. Right kidney was stereologically and morphometrically analyzed to calculate the volumetric density (Vv[glom]), numerical density (Nv[glom]) and glomerular volume (Vol[glom]).

Stereological analysis of elastic fibers of the corpus cavernosum of rats during the aging process.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in the quantity of elastic fibers in the corpora cavernosa of rats during the natural aging process, and to assess the degree of this change by determining volumetric density (Vv) at different ages via stereological analysis.

Methods: Forty-eight rats, raised under similar conditions, were subjected to the natural aging process and divided into four groups (G1 to G4), according to age at the time of penectomy (6, 9, 12, and 24 months, respectively). Histological sections of the middle segment of the penis were stained with Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin, and the volumetric density (Vv) of elastic fibers of the corpora cavernosa were determined via stereological analysis.

Stereological and morphological analysis of the effects of aging on spermatogenesis in rat testis 1.

Purpose: To quantify, through stereological and morphometric analysis, spermatogenesis in rats undergoing the natural aging process.

Methods: Seventy-two male Wistar rats were divided into 6 equal groups according to age at the time of killing: 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months. All the rats were subjected orchiectomy and collection of testicular parenchymal fragments for histological and morphometric analysis.

An ideal e-health system for pelvic floor muscle training adherence: Systematic review.

Background: Nowadays, Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) is a first line, level 1 evidence-based treatment for urinary incontinence (UI), but adherence to PFMT is often problematic. Today, there are several mobile applications (mApps) for PFMT, but many lack specific strategies for enhancing adherence.

Aims: To review available mApps for improvement of adherence to PFMT, and to introduce a new App so called iPelvis.

Numeric and volumetric changes in Leydig cells during aging of rats.

Purpose: To analyze the effects of aging in rats on the nuclear volume, cytoplasmic volume, and total volume of Leydig cells, as well as their number.

Methods: Seventy-two Wistar rats were divided into six subgroups of 12 rats, which underwent right orchiectomy at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. The weight and volume of the resected testicles were assessed.

Quantitative analysis of the renal aging in rats. Stereological study.

Purpose: To evaluate the renal function and the renal histological alterations through the stereology and morphometrics in rats submitted to the natural process of aging.

Methods: Seventy two Wistar rats, divided in six groups. Each group was sacrificed in a different age: 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months.

Auditory Nerve Recovery Function in Cochlear Implant Surgery with Local Anesthesia and Sedation versus General Anesthesia.

Objective: To analyze auditory nerve recovery function (REC), comparing the results after local anesthesia and sedation with those after general anesthesia.

Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study in a tertiary referral center hospital. We included all patients (37 ears) who underwent surgery for cochlear implant under either general anesthesia or local anesthesia and sedation during 3 years.

Objective assessment of surgical technique in rotation and nasal projection variation.

Introduction: In rhinoplasty, facial esthetic analysis is critical for proper surgical planning. Parameters such as rotation and nasal projection should be routinely evaluated. Few studies have objectively assessed changes in facial angles postoperatively.

Effects of immunosuppression with tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil on renal histology and function in single kidney rats submitted to ischemia and reperfusion.

Purpose: To evaluate renal histological changes and renal function in single kidney rats submitted to renal ischemia-reperfusion and to immunosuppression with tacrolimus and mycophenolate-mofetil.

Methods: Experimental study with 80 Wistar rats distributed into control, Sham and six other groups treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Animals undergoing surgery, right nephrectomy and left renal clamping, killed on the 14th day and analyzed for renal histology, urea and creatinine.

Oxidative Damage in the Aging Heart: an Experimental Rat Model.

Introduction: Several theories have been proposed to explain the cause of 'aging'; however, the factors that affect this complex process are still poorly understood. Of these theories, the accumulation of oxidative damage over time is among the most accepted. Particularly, the heart is one of the most affected organs by oxidative stress.

Analysis of the histology of the scar bladder and biochemical parameters of rats with a solitary kidney undergoing immunosuppression with tacrolimus.

Purpose: To evaluate bladder histology in healing and biochemical analysis of rats with single kidney in ischemia/reperfusion, treated with tacrolimus.

Methods: Fifty rats randomized into five groups. Three rats died in surgery, 47 rats divided in groups: Control (non-operated, n=10), Sham (operated without drugs, n=8), T1 (operated + tacrolimus 1mg/kg, n=10), T2 (operated + tacrolimus 0.

Endoscopic stented ureterocystostomy.

Background And Purpose: Fibrotic or neoplastic obstruction of the terminal ureter and ureterovesical junction can preclude internal drainage with a Double-J catheter. Some minimally invasive alternatives are described in the literature to avoid a percutaneous nephrostomy. We present a pure endourologic technique.

Estrogen replacement avoids the decrease of bladder innervations in ovariectomized adult virgin rats: in vivo stereological study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The authors quantified the nerve fibers in the bladder wall of ovariectomized rats with and without estradiol replacement.

Methods: This study was conducted on 40 Wistar rats (3 months old). Group 1: remained intact; Group 2: underwent bilateral ovariectomy, and after 30 days was started on subcutaneous sesame oil replacement (0.

Impact of the structure of polypropylene meshes in local tissue reaction: in vivo stereological study.

Polypropylene slings are monofilament and multifilament meshes. Their features can impact clinical outcomes. We analyzed tissue reaction, inflammation, and the density of collagen fibers elicited by polypropylene meshes in the subcutaneous tissue of female rats.

Role of 17 beta-estradiol on type IV collagen fibers volumetric density in the basement membrane of bladder wall.

The authors quantified the type IV collagen fibers volumetric density in the basement membrane of bladder wall of ovariectomized rats with and without estradiol replacement. This study was conducted on 40 Wistar rats (3 months old) randomly divided in 4 groups: group 1, remained intact (control); group 2, submitted to bilateral oophorectomy and daily replacement 4 weeks later of 17 beta-estradiol for 12 weeks; group 3, sham operated and daily replacement 4 weeks later of sesame oil for 12 weeks; and group 4, submitted to bilateral oophorectomy and killed after 12 weeks. It was used in immunohistochemistry evaluation using type IV collagen polyclonal antibody to stain the fibers on paraffin rat bladder sections.

Massive prolapse of the urethral mucosa following periurethral injection of calcium hydroxylapatite for stress urinary incontinence.

The injection of bulking agents into the urethral submucosa is designed to create artificial urethral cushions that can improve urethral coaptation and hence restore continence. Ideally, a urethral bulking agent should be non-immunogenic and biocompatible, leading to minimal inflammatory and fibrotic response. The authors present a case report of a granulomatous reaction leading to urethral prolapse, 3 months after the transurethral injection of calcium hydroxylapatite.

Safyre: a readjustable minimally invasive sling for female urinary stress incontinence.

Introduction: SAFYRE is a readjustable and minimally invasive sling for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). It is as a pubovaginal sling placed in the medial third of the urethra. The initial experience is described.